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Context Data | Outcomes Data | State Comment | Federal Comment

California [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

General Population	1998	1999	2000	2001
Total children under 18 years	8,911,372	8,923,423	9,249,829	9,377,970
Race/ethnicity (%)¹
Alaska Native/American Indian	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Asian	N/A	N/A	N/A	9.5
Asian/Pacific Islander	11.2	11.3	9.6	N/A
Black	6.9	6.8	7.1	7.2
Hawaiian Native/Other Pacific Islander	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.4
Hispanic	41.2	41.9	43.8	44.3
White	40.2	39.5	34.8	35.2
Two or more races	N/A	N/A	3.9	3.0
Other	N/A	N/A	0.3	N/A
% Child population in poverty	26.4	20.3	21.7	16.4
% Child population living in metropolitan areas	99.4	99.5	96.9	99.2

Child Welfare	1998	1999	2000	2001
Child maltreatment victims	157,683	130,510	129,678	128,251
Children in foster care on 9/30	112,767	117,937	112,807	107,168
Children adopted	4,418	6,337	8,693	9,859

¹ The 2000 Census of the United States includes two new race catagories: (1) Persons of two or more races and (2) Other. Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

	Number				Rate
Maltreatment Information Overview	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001
Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment	413,372	452,887	486,127	485,911	46.4 per 1,000	50.8 per 1,000	52.6 per 1,000	51.7 per 1000
Child maltreatment victims²	157,683	130,510	129,678	128,251	17.7 per 1,000	14.6 per 1,000	14.0 per 1,000	13.6 per 1000
Child fatalities	26	33	30		0.3 per 100,000	0.4 per 100,000	0.3 per 100,000

Age of Child Victims (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Under 1 year	6.0	9.7	9.5	9.6
1-5 years	29.0	29.3	29.1	28.4
6-10 years	31.4	31.1	30.8	30.9
11-15 years	25.4	24.0	24.5	25.0
16+ years	8.2	6.0	6.2	6.1
Unknown	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	157,683	130,510	129,678	128,251

Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Alaska Native/American Indian	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.8
Asian/Pacific Islander	3.2	4.0	3.8	3.5
Black	16.0	18.0	15.6	14.6
Hispanic	32.8	37.0	39.6	41.3
White	37.8	33.0	32.9	32.0
Two or more races	N/A	N/A	-	2.5
Other/Unknown	41.9	44.0	7.1	5.3
Total %³	132.8	137.0	100.0	100.0
Number	157,683	130,510	129,678	128,251

Maltreatment Type of Child Victims (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Emotional abuse	8.1	17.8	18.7	18.2
Medical neglect	-	-	-	-
Neglect	51.9	56.3	56.7	42.2
Physical abuse	26.2	17.5	16.1	14.5
Sexual abuse	13.4	9.1	8.3	8.3
Other	0.4	9.8	10.5	31.2
Unknown	-	0.0	-	-
Total %⁴	100.0	110.4	110.3	114.4
Number	157,683	130,510	129,678	128,251

² Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once. Back
³ Percentages may total more than 100 percent because Hispanics may be counted both by Hispanic ethnicity and by race. Back
⁴ Percentages may total more than 100 percent because children could have been victims of more than one type of maltreatment. Back

C. Children in Foster Care
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Number of Children	In Care on 10/1	Entered Care	Exited Care	In Care on 9/30	Total Served
FY1998 (10/1/97-9/30/98)	109,819	52,997	50,049	112,767	162,816
FY1999 (10/1/98-9/30/99)	113,506	43,587	39,156	117,937	157,093
FY2000 (10/1/99-9/30/00)	117,234	45,685	50,112	112,807	162,919
FY2001 (10/1/00-9/30/01)	106,088	45,176	44,096	107,168	151,264
Median Length of Stay (Months)
FY1998 (10/1/97-9/30/98)	19.8	N/A	12.6	21.6	N/A
FY1999 (10/1/98-9/30/99)	20.8	N/A	14.9	25.2	N/A
FY2000 (10/1/99-9/30/00)	24.5	N/A	18.2	26.6	N/A
FY2001 (10/1/00-9/30/01)	26.2	N/A	17.0	25.3	N/A

Age of Children in Foster Care (%)	In Care on 10/1/97	In Care on 10/1/98	In Care on 10/1/99	In Care on 10/1/00	Entered Care During FY 1998	Entered Care During FY 1999	Entered Care During FY 2000	Entered Care During FY 2001	Exited Care During FY 1998	Exited Care During FY 1999	Exited Care During FY 2000	Entered Care During FY 2001	In Care on 9/30/98	In Care on 9/30/99	In Care on 9/30/00	In Care on 9/30/01
Under 1 year	4.2	3.7	3.5	3.5	13.6	14.7	14.0	13.9	4.0	4.0	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.5	3.4	3.6
1-5 years	29.8	26.7	24.8	23.3	28.5	27.2	26.6	26.1	30.8	30.5	29.0	28.2	27.8	24.5	22.9	22.0
6-10 years	29.0	27.5	27.2	26.2	22.5	23.7	23.6	23.1	23.5	23.7	25.8	24.7	29.1	27.5	25.9	24.9
11-15 years	24.2	26.5	27.5	29.3	24.5	24.6	25.9	26.1	18.8	19.2	20.7	20.9	26.7	27.3	28.8	29.7
16-18 years	12.2	15.0	16.1	16.5	10.7	9.7	9.9	10.7	20.2	20.5	19.1	20.7	12.2	16.0	17.1	17.5
19+ years	0.5	0.6	0.7	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.4	2.1	1.7	1.7	0.4	1.2	1.8	2.0
Unknown	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	109,819	113,506	117,234	106,088	52,997	43,587	45,685	45,176	50,049	39,156	50,112	44,096	112,767	117,937	112,807	107,168

Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%)⁵	In Care on 10/1/97	In Care on 10/1/98	In Care on 10/1/99	In Care on 10/1/00	Entered Care During FY 1998	Entered Care During FY 1999	Entered Care During FY 2000	Entered Care During FY 2001	Exited Care During FY 1998	Exited Care During FY 1999	Exited Care During FY 2000	Entered Care During FY 2001	In Care on 9/30/98	In Care on 9/30/99	In Care on 9/30/00	In Care on 9/30/01
Alaska Native/American Indian	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.3	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1
Asian	-	-	1.8	1.3	-	-	3.1	2.1	-	-	2.7	2.0	-	-	1.9	1.4
Asian/Pacific Islander	1.7	1.9	-	-	3.0	3.6	-	-	3.0	3.2	-	-	1.7	2.1	-	-
Black	36.6	35.5	34.3	32.3	22.6	22.4	21.5	19.7	24.3	23.7	24.7	21.9	35.4	34.6	33.3	31.3
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	-	-	0.3	0.3	-	-	0.3	0.5	-	-	0.4	0.5	-	-	0.3	0.3
Hispanic	29.3	31.3	32.9	35.6	35.3	36.0	38.2	39.4	32.3	33.5	35.3	38.3	30.8	32.3	33.9	36.1
White	30.9	29.9	29.3	26.6	36.5	35.2	33.6	32.5	38.0	37.1	34.1	32.0	30.4	29.5	28.9	26.8
Two or more races	-	-	0.1	2.5	-	-	0.1	2.9	-	-	0.3	2.6	-	-	0.0	2.6
Unknown	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.5	1.3	1.5	1.9	2.0	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.7	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.6
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	109,819	113,506	117,234	106,088	52,997	43,587	45,685	45,176	50,049	39,156	50,112	44,096	112,767	117,937	112,807	107,168

⁵ In this and subsequent race/ethnicity tables, data for two or more races may be provided for 1998 and 1999 because of States' resubmissions. However, data for 1998 and 1999 may not capture all children of two or more races and therefore may not be comparable to the 2000 data pertaining to two or more races. Back

D. Children Waiting to Be Adopted
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)⁶

Overview	9/30/98	9/30/99	9/30/00	9/30/01
Children waiting to be adopted	4,455	9,894	12,632	7,714
Children whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR)	1,915	6,911	9,791	999

Age of Waiting Children (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Under 1 year	8.0	4.2	3.7	6.0
1-5 years	55.2	51.6	46.5	40.0
6-10 years	26.2	30.0	32.3	34.3
11-15 years	9.0	12.4	14.8	17.2
16+ years	1.5	1.7	2.2	2.1
Unknown	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	4,455	9,894	12,632	7,714

Race/Ethnicity of Waiting Children (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Alaska Native/American Indian	1.1	1.0	0.7	0.6
Asian	-	-	1.7	0.9
Asian/Pacific Islander	1.5	1.6	-	-
Black	27.2	31.2	30.7	34.0
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	-	-	0.2	0.3
Hispanic	29.9	33.6	35.8	37.5
White	40.2	32.4	30.8	23.3
Two or more races	-	-	-	3.2
Unknown	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	4,455	9,894	12,632	7,714

⁶ Waiting children are children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents rights have been terminated. Children 16 years and older with TPR, but with a goal of emancipation, have been excluded from the waiting children and TPR populations. Back

E. Children Adopted
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Age of Adopted Children (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Under 1 year	3.1	2.2	2.3	2.6
1-5 years	61.2	63.8	56.8	51.7
6-10 years	28.1	25.7	29.0	30.9
11-15 years	6.8	7.1	10.1	12.4
16+ years	0.7	1.2	1.7	2.2
Unknown	-	-	0.0	0.1
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	4,418	6,337	8,693	9,859

Race/Ethnicity of Adopted Children (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Alaska Native/American Indian	0.6	0.9	0.5	0.3
Asian	-	-	1.2	1.0
Asian/Pacific Islander	2.5	2.2	-	-
Black	24.2	19.5	21.9	16.7
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	-	-	0.2	0.3
Hispanic	33.5	31.7	34.0	37.3
White	38.0	42.9	34.7	31.0
Two or more races	-	0.1	0.3	1.2
Unknown	1.2	2.7	7.2	12.1
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	4,418	6,337	8,693	9,859

California [ Outcomes Data ]

1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect
(NCANDS)

1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Children without a recurrence	-	88.9	89.3	88.8
Children with one or more recurrences	-	11.1	10.7	11.2
Total %	-	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	-	60,893	60,886	59,715

Bar chart describing Percentage of Children With One or More Recurrences of Maltreatment within 6 months data from Table 1.1 above.

2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care
(NCANDS, AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database Jan —Sept)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Children maltreated while in foster care	-	-	-	0.34
Children not maltreated while in foster care	-	-	-	99.66
Total %	-	-	-	100.0
Number	-	-	-	140,134

Bar chart describing Percentage of Children Maltreated While in Foster Care data from Table 2.1 above.

3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

3.1 Exits from Foster Care (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Adoption	6.2	12.3	15.4	17.7
Guardianship	2.6	3.2	7.1	5.4
Reunification	47.0	68.2	61.7	59.2
Other	8.9	15.3	14.4	15.6
Missing data	35.3	1.0	1.5	2.1
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	50,049	39,156	50,112	44,096

Pie Charts describing data from Table 3.1 above.

3.2 Exits of Disabled Children (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Adoption	6.6	17.1	24.7	27.5
Guardianship	2.7	1.8	6.0	5.1
Reunification	46.1	63.1	56.1	51.6
Other	9.0	17.4	12.4	13.8
Missing data	35.6	0.7	0.8	1.9
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	988	2,228	4,441	6,587

3.3 Exits of Children Over Age 12 at Entry (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Adoption	0.4	0.7	0.6	0.7
Guardianship	0.9	1.5	2.2	2.1
Reunification	48.3	58.3	56.0	54.1
Other	21.5	38.7	39.9	41.3
Missing data	29.0	0.8	1.3	1.8
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	13,265	10,278	11,795	11,150

3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%)	1998	1999	2000	2001
Children age 12 or younger at entry	36.2	32.9	34.7	36.2
Children older than 12 at entry	63.7	67.1	65.3	63.8
Missing data	0.1	0.1	-	0.0
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number	2,739	3,728	4,489	4,046

3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)	Alaska Native/A.I.				Asian				Asian/Pacific Islander				Black				Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001
Adoption	7.0	9.2	10.0	7.8	-	-	8.5	10.1	3.1	7.4	-	-	5.7	12.0	15.9	17.6	-	-	9.3	11.8
Guardianship	6.9	5.6	13.5	13.6	-	-	3.6	1.6	2.1	1.3	-	-	2.9	3.1	9.2	6.8	-	-	2.1	4.4
Reunification	43.4	69.0	58.0	58.3	-	-	76.5	75.5	52.9	78.7	-	-	44.8	62.6	54.9	52.0	-	-	71.1	69.1
Other	8.0	14.8	17.3	18.9	-	-	10.2	10.4	7.4	11.9	-	-	12.5	21.6	19.0	21.9	-	-	15.5	11.3
Missing data	34.8	1.3	1.2	1.4	-	-	1.1	2.4	34.6	0.8	-	-	34.1	0.7	1.1	1.6	-	-	2.1	3.4
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	-	-	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	-	-	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	-	-	100.0	100.0
Number	627	533	572	434	-	-	1,359	887	1,504	1,237	-	-	12,166	9,269	12,385	9,647	-	-	194	204
	Hispanic				White				Unable to Determine				Two or More Races				Missing Data
	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001	1998	1999	2000	2001
Adoption	5.3	11.4	14.9	17.8	7.6	14.1	16.6	18.7	3.7	2.3	2.0	3.5	-	-	35.6	23.7	-	-	-	-
Guardianship	2.0	2.4	7.0	4.9	3.0	4.2	5.9	5.2	1.6	2.5	3.3	3.4	-	-	6.8	5.6	-	-	-	-
Reunification	50.0	71.9	63.8	61.2	45.5	66.9	62.4	59.4	45.6	86.1	86.0	81.2	-	-	47.0	59.0	-	-	-	-
Other	7.3	13.2	12.6	13.8	8.1	13.7	13.5	14.5	5.4	7.4	5.6	9.1	-	-	10.6	9.7	-	-	-	-
Missing data	35.3	1.1	1.7	2.3	35.9	1.1	1.5	2.1	43.8	1.7	3.2	2.7	-	-	-	2.1	-	-	-	-
Total %	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	-	-	100.0	100.0	-	-

California

California [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

C. Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

D. Children Waiting to Be Adopted (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)6

E. Children Adopted (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)