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Home > Statistics & Research > Child Welfare Outcomes 2001 > Chapter Four > Michigan

 

Michigan

Context Data | Outcomes Data | State Comment | Federal Comment

Michigan [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

General Population 1998 1999 2000 2001
Total children under 18 years 2,551,615 2,561,139 2,595,767 2,573,235
Race/ethnicity (%)1
   Alaska Native/American Indian 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6
   Asian N/A N/A N/A 2.0
   Asian/Pacific Islander 1.8 1.9 1.8 N/A
   Black 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.5
   Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A N/A N/A 0.0
   Hispanic 3.9 4.1 4.8 4.8
   White 76.5 76.2 72.4 72.6
   Two or more races N/A N/A 2.8 2.4
   Other N/A N/A 0.2 N/A
% Child population in poverty 15.3 14.1 13.6 13.0
% Child population living in metropolitan areas 87.2 91.3 83.2 89.3
Child Welfare 1998 1999 2000 2001
Child maltreatment victims 22,744 24,505 26,680 28,475
Children in foster care on 9/30 18,583 20,300 20,034 20,896
Children adopted 2,257 2,446 2,804 2,979

1 The 2000 Census of the United States includes two new race categories: (1) Persons of two or more races and (2) Other. Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

blank cell Number Rate
Maltreatment Information Overview 1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001
Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment 156,425 166,160 164,369 172,281 61.3 per 1,000 64.9 per 1,000 63.3 per 1,000 66.3 per 1,000
Child maltreatment victims2 22,744 24,505 26,680 28,475 8.9 per 1,000 9.6 per 1,000 10.3 per 1,000 11.0 per 1,000
Child fatalities 40 48 blank cell blank cell 1.6 per 100,000 1.9 per 100,000 blank cell blank cell
Age of Child Victims (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Under 1 year 11.0 11.9 12.4 12.4
1-5 years 30.3 28.9 27.9 27.2
6-10 years 30.9 31.0 30.6 29.7
11-15 years 23.0 23.5 24.0 25.6
16+ years 4.8 4.7 5.1 5.1
Unknown — — — —
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 22,744 24,505 26,680 28,475
Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Alaska Native/American Indian 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6
Asian/Pacific Islander 0.5 0.4 — 0.4
Black 39.8 40.7 39.7 38.9
Hispanic 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.9
White 54.7 55.8 53.7 55.0
Two or more races — — — —
Other/Unknown 4.5 2.4 3.8 2.3
Total %3 102.6 102.4 100.0 100.0
Number 22,744 24,505 26,680 28,475
Maltreatment Type of Child Victims (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Emotional 6.0 6.9 7.3 7.5
Medical neglect 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.5
Neglect 46.3 70.8 68.7 66.3
Physical abuse 19.9 20.9 22.7 21.3
Sexual abuse 6.8 6.5 5.9 5.8
Other 25.3 — — 3.6
Unknown — — — —
Total %4 106.6 107.4 107.3 106.9
Number 22,744 24,505 26,680 28,475

2 Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once. Back
3 Percentages may total more than 100 percent because Hispanics may be counted both by Hispanic ethnicity and by race. Back
4 Percentages may total more than 100 percent because children could have been victims of more than one type of maltreatment. Back

C. Children in Foster Care
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Number of Children In Care on 10/1 Entered Care Exited Care In Care on 9/30 Total Served
FY1998 (10/1/97-9/30/98) 13,570 10,220 5,207 18,583 23,790
FY1999 (10/1/98-9/30/99) 16,111 10,929 6,740 20,300 27,040
FY2000 (10/1/99-9/30/00) 17,129 10,707 7,802 20,034 27,836
FY2001 (10/1/00-9/30/01) 16,925 12,283 8,312 20,896 29,208
Median Length of Stay (Months)          
FY1998 (10/1/97-9/30/98) 13.3 N/A 12.4 13.5 N/A
FY1999 (10/1/98-9/30/99) 13.6 N/A 13.9 14.4 N/A
FY2000 (10/1/99-9/30/00) 14.5 N/A 15.3 14.7 N/A
FY2001 (10/1/00-9/30/01) 14.4 N/A 14.8 12.7 N/A
Age of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care on 10/1/97 In Care on 10/1/98 In Care on 10/1/99 In Care on 10/1/00 Entered Care During FY 1998 Entered Care During FY 1999 Entered Care During FY 2000 Entered Care During FY 2001 Exited Care During FY 1998 Exited Care During FY 1999 Exited Care During FY 2000 Exited Care During FY 2001 In Care on 9/30/98 In Care on 9/30/99 In Care on 9/30/00 In Care on 9/30/01
Under 1 year 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.9 13.0 12.8 13.9 14.0 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.9 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.6
1-5 years 27.1 26.6 25.2 26.6 26.2 24.6 27.0 27.8 24.0 24.2 24.8 27.3 28.0 26.6 27.3 28.0
6-10 years 22.0 23.5 24.4 25.2 22.1 22.5 24.4 23.9 20.5 20.6 22.5 24.2 23.7 25.0 25.2 24.7
11-15 years 24.8 24.7 25.5 25.2 27.2 26.9 24.5 25.6 19.7 19.4 20.0 20.4 23.9 24.7 24.9 25.9
16-18 years 19.8 18.8 18.3 16.6 10.8 11.3 9.5 8.4 26.5 26.7 24.7 20.8 17.6 16.9 16.0 14.5
19+ years 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 6.0 4.9 4.1 3.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1
Unknown 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.5 0.2 0.3 1.6 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 13,570 16,111 17,129 16,925 10,220 10,929 10,707 12,283 5,207 6,740 7,802 8,312 18,583 20,300 20,034 20,896
Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%)5 In Care on 10/1/97 In Care on 10/1/98 In Care on 10/1/99 In Care on 10/1/00 Entered Care During FY 1998 Entered Care During FY 1999 Entered Care During FY 2000 Entered Care During FY 2001 Exited Care During FY 1998 Exited Care During FY 1999 Exited Care During FY 2000 Exited Care During FY 2001 In Care on 9/30/98 In Care on 9/30/99 In Care on 9/30/00 In Care on 9/30/01
Alaska Native/American Indian — — — — — — — 0.2 — — — — — — — 0.1
Asian — — — — — — — 0.0 — — — — — — — 0.0
Asian/Pacific Islander — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Black — — — — — — — 8.7 — — — — — — — 5.1
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Hispanic — — — — — — — 0.7 — — — — — — — 0.4
White — — — — — — — 8.3 — — — — — — — 4.9
Two or more races — — — — — — — 0.6 — — — — — — — 0.3
Unknown — — — 100.0 — — — 91.4 — — — 100.0 — — — 89.1
Total % — — — 100.0 — — — 100.0 — — — 100.0 — — — 100.0
Number — — — 16,925 — — — 12,283 — — — 8,312 — — — 20,896

5 In this and subsequent race/ethnicity tables, data for two or more races may be provided for 1998 and 1999 because of States' resubmissions. However, data for 1998 and 1999 may not capture all children of two or more races and therefore may not be comparable to the 2000 data pertaining to two or more races. Back

D. Children Waiting to Be Adopted
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)6

Overview 9/30/98 9/30/99 9/30/00 9/30/01
Children waiting to be adopted 7,665 8,495 7,745 7,839
Children whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR) 4,257 5,166 5,226 6,174
Age of Waiting Children (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Under 1 year 6.7 5.9 5.7 5.6
1-5 years 38.9 35.6 33.0 32.0
6-10 years 31.5 33.6 31.8 30.3
11-15 years 18.7 20.3 23.9 26.3
16+ years 3.2 3.4 4.1 4.8
Unknown 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.1
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 7,665 8,495 7,745 7,839
Race/Ethnicity of Waiting Children (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Alaska Native/American Indian — — — 0.1
Asian — — — —
Asian/Pacific Islander — — — —
Black — — — 4.3
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander — — — —
Hispanic — — — 0.3
White — — — 3.9
Two or more races — — — 0.2
Unknown — 100.0 100.0 91.2
Total % — 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number — 8,495 7,745 7,839

6 Waiting children are children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parentsÂ’ rights have been terminated. Children 16 years and older with TPR, but with a goal of emancipation, have been excluded from the waiting children and TPR populations. Back

E. Children Adopted
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Age of Adopted Children (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Under 1 year 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.8
1-5 years 44.9 47.1 43.3 43.0
6-10 years 37.8 34.3 36.7 36.2
11-15 years 13.8 15.9 15.9 16.8
16+ years 2.2 1.6 2.5 2.2
Unknown — — — —
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 2,257 2,446 2,804 2,979
Race/Ethnicity of Adopted Children (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Alaska Native/American Indian 1.4 1.0 0.6 0.8
Asian — — 0.2 —
Asian/Pacific Islander 0.3 0.1 — —
Black 53.0 51.5 49.5 48.5
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander — — 0.0 —
Hispanic 3.2 4.3 4.1 4.3
White 41.4 42.4 41.0 40.2
Two or more races — 0.0 4.2 5.8
Unknown 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 2,257 2,446 2,804 2,979

Back to Top

Michigan [ Outcomes Data ]

1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect
(NCANDS)

1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Children without a recurrence 96.9 96.6 96.7 96.4
Children with one or more recurrences 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.6
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 11,430 11,576 13,482 14,171

Bar chart describing Percentage of Children With One or More Recurrences of Maltreatment within 6 months data from Table 1.1 above.

2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care
(NCANDS, AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database Jan —Sept)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Children maltreated while in foster care — — 0.33 0.34
Children not maltreated while in foster care — — 99.67 99.66
Total % — — 100.00 100.00
Number — — 26,044 27,359

Bar chart describing Percentage of Children Maltreated While in Foster Care data from Table 2.1 above.

3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

3.1 Exits from Foster Care (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Adoption 20.1 19.8 21.8 22.4
Guardianship 0.7 1.0 1.2 2.8
Reunification 58.0 60.0 56.2 56.7
Other 21.0 19.1 20.7 18.0
Missing data 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 5,207 6,740 7,802 8,312

Pie Charts describing data from Table 3.1 above.

3.2 Exits of Disabled Children (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Adoption — — — —
Guardianship — — — —
Reunification — — — —
Other — — — —
Missing data — — — —
Total % — — — —
Number — — — —
3.3 Exits of Children Over Age 12 at Entry (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Adoption 2.7 1.6 1.4 1.5
Guardianship 0.7 0.8 1.1 2.5
Reunification 57.9 60.7 53.6 54.5
Other 38.4 36.5 43.4 41.1
Missing data 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 2,073 2,606 2,812 2,532
3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Children age 12 or younger at entry 24.4 22.8 23.9 24.3
Children older than 12 at entry 74.9 76.5 75.5 75.5
Missing data 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.2
Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 426 587 564 485
3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)
blank cell Alaska Native/A.I. Asian Asian/Pacific Islander Black Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander
1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001
Adoption — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Guardianship — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Reunification — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Other — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Missing data — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Total % — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
blank cell Hispanic White Unable to Determine Two or More Races Missing Data
1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001 1998 1999 2000 2001
Adoption — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 20.1 19.8 21.8 22.4
Guardianship — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.7 1.0 1.2 2.8
Reunification — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 58.0 60.0 56.2 56.7
Other — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 21.0 19.1 20.7 18.0
Missing data — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
Total % — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 5,207 6,470 7,802 8,312

4. Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Re-entry
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

4.1 Time to Reunification (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Less than 12 mos. 53.8 58.1 52.9 56.6
At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 27.7 25.0 28.1 28.2
At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 8.8 7.7 7.1 8.1
At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 3.3 2.4 3.0 2.2
48 or more mos. 1.7 1.4 2.2 1.5
Missing data 4.7 5.3 6.8 3.2
Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 3,018 4,041 4,383 4,713

Bar chart describing reunification percentages data in Table 4.1 above.

4.2 Children Who Entered Foster Care (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Children entering care for the first time 89.8 90.3 90.0 90.9
Children re-entering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.0
Children re-entering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode 5.0 4.4 4.6 3.6
Missing data 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 10,220 10,929 10,707 12,283

Bar chart describing re-entries into Foster Care within 12 months from data in Table 4.2 above.

5. Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

5.1 Time to Adoption (%) 1998 1999 2000 2001
Less than 12 mos. 48.3 16.7 12.6 12.8
At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 20.3 24.2 22.4 21.7
At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 13.3 29.2 31.0 32.0
At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 9.3 16.4 16.0 18.3
48 or more mos. 8.2 13.4 17.8 14.8
Missing data 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.4
Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Number 1,048 1,333 1,699 1,860

Bar Chart describing Percentage of Adoptions Occurring in Less Than 24 or greater than 48 Months of Entry data from Table 5.1 above

6. Increase Placement Stability
(AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

6.1 Number of Placements by Time in Care (%) Year Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Children With 3 or More Placements Missing Data Total % Number
Less than 12 mos. 1998
1999
2000
2001		 85.2
84.9
86.2
87.8		 14.8
15.1
13.8
12.2		 —
—
—
—		 100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0		 10,985
11,750
11,588
13,416
At least 12 mos., but <24 mos. 1998
1999
2000
2001		 65.8
66.1
65.8
69.6		 34.2
33.9
34.2
30.4		 —
—
—
—		 100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0		 5,758
6,824
6,997
6,955