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Home > Statistics & Research > Child Welfare Outcomes 2002 > Chapter Six > Hawaii

Hawaii

Context Data | Outcomes Data | State Comment | Federal Comment

Hawaii [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

General Population (Census Bureau) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Total children under 18 years 289,340 291,560 294,855 295,514 Race/ethnicity (%)1, 2         Alaska Native/American Indian 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 Asian N/A 40.9 33.3 33.5 Asian/Pacific Islander 62.8 N/A N/A N/A Black 2.5 1.8 2.1 2.3 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A N/A 9.5 9.2 Hispanic 11.5 11.9 12.3 12.5 White 22.8 15 17.6 17.6 Two or more races N/A 29.9 25 24.6 Other N/A 0.3 0 0 % Child population in poverty 14 13.9 15.9 15.6 Child Welfare Summary 1999 2000 2002 2002 Child maltreatment victims3 2,669 3,533 3,982 3,744 Children in foster care on 9/30 2,205 2,401 2,584 2,762 Children adopted 281 280 260 366

1The convention for the data tables is the following: N/A in the data table means that the category was not applicable for the specific year. A dash (-) means that there is "no value" or the category is a true zero (that is, no children were reported as being in that category). A zero (0) means that there is a value for the category, but the value is less than 0.1 percent.Back

2The multiple and overlapping race categories in this and subsequent race tables are due to changes in the Census Bureau categories beginning in 2000. Because the reporting of these categories is a relatively new process for States, changes in percentages over time may be due to data quality issues.Back

3A child victim is a child who is the subject of a substantiated or indicated maltreatment report. Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once.Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

Number Rate Maltreatment Information Overview 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment 4,646 6,184 7,334 7,318 16.1 per 1,000 21.2 per 1,000 24.9 per 1,000 24.8 per 1,000 Child maltreatment victims 2,669 3,533 3,982 3,744 9.2 per 1,000 12.1 per 1,000 13.5 per 1,000 12.7 per 1,000 Child fatalities 5 3 3 7 1.7 per 100,000 1.0 per 100,000 1.0 per 100,000 2.4 per 100,000

Age of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 13.4 13.6 14.4 14.6 1-5 years 27.5 28.8 30.7 28.4 6-10 years 28.6 28.6 27 26.8 11-15 years 23.4 22.7 21.6 23.5 16+ years 5.9 5.9 6 6.3 Unknown / Missing data 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 2,669 3,533 3,982 3,744 Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.1 Asian/Pacific Islander 61.9 46.5 41.9 35.3 Black 2.5 1.7 1.5 1.3 Hispanic 2 2 1.9 1.6 White 12.1 10.8 9 10.9 Two or more races 0 22.1 30.9 34.1 Total %4 102 100 100 100 Number 2,669 3,533 3,982 3,744 Maltreatment Type of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Emotional Abuse 1.6 3.2 4.2 3.3 Medical Neglect 0.6 1.6 1.8 2.2 Neglect 8.1 14.6 16.2 18.5 Physical Abuse 6.5 13.7 13.6 12.7 Sexual Abuse 5.3 7 7 6.6 Unknown / Missing data 0 -- -- -- Other 84.8 84.3 86.5 87.1 Total %5 106.9 124.4 129.3 130.4 Number 2,669 3,533 3,982 3,744

4Percentages may total more than 100 percent because Hispanics may be counted both by Hispanic ethnicity and by race.Back

5Percentages may total more than 100 percent because children could have been victims of more than one type of maltreatment.Back

C. Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Number of Children In Care on 10/1 Entered Care Exited Care In Care on 9/30 Total Served FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99) 2,156 1,683 1,634 2,205 3,839 FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00) 2,154 1,929 1,682 2,401 4,083 FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01) 2,311 2,193 1,920 2,584 4,504 FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02) 2,509 2,350 2,097 2,762 4,859 Median Length of Stay (Months)   FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99) 11.7 N/A 9.5 13.1 N/A FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00) 13.4 N/A 8.5 12.2 N/A FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01) 12.3 N/A 7.7 11.4 N/A FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02) 11.7 N/A 7 11.4 N/A Age of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care On: 10/1/98 In Care On: 10/1/99 In Care On: 10/1/00 In Care On: 10/1/01 Entered Care During FY: 1999 Entered Care During FY: 2000 Entered Care During FY: 2001 Entered Care During FY: 2002 Exited Care During FY: 1999 Exited Care During FY: 2000 Exited Care During FY:2001 Exited Care During FY: 2002 In Care On: 9/30/99 In Care On: 9/30/00 In Care On: 9/30/01 In Care On: 9/30/02 Under 1 Year 7.4 5.6 8 7.9 15 15.9 16.7 17.2 7.3 6.1 7.8 6.3 5.8 8 8 8.6 1-5 years 32.5 30.7 28.8 30.1 27.6 28.2 27.5 28.1 32.3 30.4 29.3 32.2 30.7 29 29.9 30.6 6-10 years 27.6 27.5 26.7 26.3 23.5 25.9 25.4 23 25.8 27.9 25.5 25.4 27.3 26.8 26.1 24.4 11-15 years 22.2 23.2 23.6 25 24.3 22.7 23.2 24.2 20.6 20.9 21.7 21.8 23.3 23.8 25.3 26.2 16-18 years 10.4 12.9 12.9 10.7 9.6 7.3 7.1 7.4 14 14.5 15.6 14.1 13 12.4 10.7 10.1 19+ years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.1 -- -- -- 0 Unknown / Missing data -- 0 -- -- -- 0.1 0.1 0.1 -- 0.1 0.1 0.1 -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 2,156 2,154 2,311 2,509 1,683 1,929 2,193 2,350 1,634 1,682 1,920 2,097 2,205 2,401 2,584 2,762 Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care On: 10/1/98 In Care On: 10/1/99 In Care On: 10/1/00 In Care On: 10/1/01 Entered Care During FY: 1999 Entered Care During FY: 2000 Entered Care During FY: 2001 Entered Care During FY: 2002 Exited Care During FY: 1999 Exited Care During FY: 2000 Exited Care During FY:2001 Exited Care During FY: 2002 In Care On: 9/30/99 In Care On: 9/30/00 In Care On: 9/30/01 In Care On: 9/30/02 Alaska Native/American Indian 1.2 1.4 1 0.7 2 0.6 0.4 0 1.7 1 0.7 0 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.6 Asian N/A 21.1 21.7 19.8 N/A 23.1 17.8 13.8 N/A 23.1 20.5 17.8 N/A 21.3 19.3 16.2 Asian/Pacific Islander 73 N/A N/A N/A 65.1 N/A N/A N/A 66.8 N/A N/A N/A 71.5 N/A N/A N/A Black 1.9 2.3 2.4 1.9 3.4 2.4 1.9 1.7 2.8 2.3 2.6 2.1 2.4 2.4 1.9 1.6 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A 50.3 41.5 34.8 N/A 32.6 27.6 25.9 N/A 41.4 34.1 29 N/A 42.3 35.2 31.6 Hispanic 2.8 2.7 2.3 2 2.5 1.9 2.4 1.9 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.2 2.7 2.2 2.1 1.8 White 13.1 12.7 11.2 10.7 13.9 11.2 12.5 11.7 14.5 13.4 13.3 13.2 12.7 11.1 10.7 9.7 Two or more races N/A 7.3 16.4 26.8 N/A 21.5 32.6 35.7 N/A 10.8 20.8 27.9 N/A 16.2 26.9 33.5 Unknown / Missing data 2.2 2.1 3.5 3.3 4.6 6.6 4.8 9.3 4.9 5.5 5.2 7.7 2.1 3.3 3.3 5 Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 2,156 2,154 2,311 2,509 1,683 1,929 2,193 2,350 1,634 1,682 1,920 2,097 2,205 2,401 2,584 2,762

D. Children Waiting to be Adopted (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)6

Overview 9/30/99 9/30/00 9/30/01 9/30/02 Children waiting to be adopted 1,161 1,207 1,160 847 Children whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR) 1,102 1,156 1,120 802 Age of Waiting Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 6 8.4 7.5 4.6 1-5 years 34.8 31.5 32.5 28.8 6-10 years 29.9 29.1 26.7 26.6 11-15 years 21.4 23.7 25.1 28.7 16+ years 7.8 7.2 7.7 11.2 Unknown / Missing data 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,161 1,207 1,160 847 Race/Ethnicity of Waiting Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 2.2 1.5 0.9 1.1 Asian N/A 19.6 19.7 20.4 Asian/Pacific Islander 71.9 N/A N/A N/A Black 2.8 2.8 2.5 1.8 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A 44.2 38 37.2 Hispanic 2.7 2.7 2 1.8 White 11.2 9.5 8 7.9 Two or more races N/A 17.2 26 27.9 Unknown / Missing data 9.3 2.4 2.8 2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,161 1,207 1,160 847

6Waiting children are children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR). Children 16 years and older with TPR, but with a goal of emancipation have been excluded from the waiting children and TPR populations.Back

E. Children Adopted (AFCARS Annual Adoption Database)

Age of Adopted Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 3.6 3.6 5.4 4.6 1-5 years 57.7 52.9 54.2 57.4 6-10 years 32 36.4 26.9 26.2 11-15 years 6.8 6.8 12.3 10.9 16+ years -- 0.4 1.2 0.8 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 281 280 260 366 Race/Ethnicity of Adopted Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 1.4 1.1 3.1 0.3 Asian N/A 18.2 21.2 21.3 Asian/Pacific Islander 80.1 N/A N/A N/A Black 3.6 2.1 1.9 2.2 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A 59.6 45 30.1 Hispanic 1.4 1.4 3.1 2.2 White 13.2 13.2 9.2 6.8 Two or more races N/A 3.9 15.8 33.1 Unknown / Missing data 0.4 0.4 0.8 4.1 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 281 280 260 366

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Hawaii [ Outcomes Data ]

1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)

1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children without a recurrence 93.3 93.6 92.8 95.2 Children with one or more recurrences 6.7 6.4 7.2 4.8 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,474 1,734 1,669 1,780

2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS, AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database Jan-Sept)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children maltreated while in foster care 1.7 1.5 1 1 Children not maltreated while in foster care 98.3 98.5 99 99 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 3,434 3,701 4,050 4,386

3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

3.1 Exits from Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 16.7 17.9 14.6 18.5 Guardianship 8.3 8.6 11 10.7 Reunification 63.9 60.6 64.4 61 Other 9.9 11.8 9.7 8.9 Missing data 1.3 1.1 0.3 0.9 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,634 1,682 1,920 2,097 Percent Exits from Foster Care 1999 2000 2001 2002   3.2 Exits of Disabled Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 42.4 31.8 38.8 54.9 Guardianship 8.6 9.2 9.7 11.3 Reunification 29 37.5 36.1 20.7 Other 18 20.7 15.4 11.7 Missing data 2 0.8 -- 1.5 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 245 261 227 266 3.3 Exits of Children Over Age 12 at Entry (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.6 Guardianship 5.3 8.1 8.1 7.1 Reunification 61.9 56 60.4 62.5 Other 29.2 33 30.8 27.8 Missing data 3.1 2.4 0.5 1.9 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 360 382 442 464 3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children age 12 or younger at entry 21.2 15.7 15.1 19.6 Children older than 12 at entry 78.8 84.3 84.9 80.4 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 118 121 139 138

3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%) Alaska Native/A.I. Asian Asian/Pacific Islander Black Native Hawaiian/ Other P.I.   1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 14.3 31.2 57.1 50 N/A 14.4 14.5 20.9 19 N/A N/A N/A 21.7 15.4 12.2 26.7 N/A 22.1 18.3 18.6 Guardianship 32.1 -- 7.1 50 N/A 7.2 12.2 9.4 9.2 N/A N/A N/A -- -- 4.1 6.7 N/A 11 14.7 15.1 Reunification 50 50 28.6 -- N/A 62.7 63.7 56.1 10 N/A N/A N/A 6.5 10.3 14.3 13.3 N/A 53.9 55.3 52.6 Other 3.6 18.8 7.1 -- N/A 14.1 9.4 13.4 1.4 N/A N/A N/A 2.2 2.6 -- 2.2 N/A 12.3 11.5 12 Missing data -- -- -- -- N/A 1.5 0.3 0.3 N/A 0.6 0.3 1.6 Total % 100 100 100 100 N/A 100 100 100 100 N/A N/A N/A 100 100 100 100 N/A 100 100 100 Number 28 16 14 2 N/A 389 394 374 1,092 N/A N/A N/A 46 39 49 45 N/A 697 655 608     Hispanic White Unable to Determine Two or More Races Missing Data   1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 9.1 9.5 17 23.9 16 18.7 11.7 10.1 1.6 2.7 5.3 17.4 8.4 17.1 11.8 21.9 -- 5 -- 1.3 Guardianship 6.8 4.8 24.5 8.7 4.6 6.7 8.2 8.7 4.8 9.6 8.8 4.7 8.4 7.7 5.5 10.4 -- 5 9.5 1.3 Reunification 75 71.4 49.1 56.5 66.7 59.1 65.6 70.3 74.2 80.8 70.2 72.1 78.5 69.6 78.5 63.6 88.9 75 88.1 97.3 Other 9.1 14.3 9.4 8.7 10.5 13.8 13.7 10.1 19.4 4.1 15.8 3.5 4.7 5 4 3.8 11.1 10 2.4 -- Missing data -- -- -- 2.2 2.1 1.8 0.8 0.7 -- 2.7 -- 2.3 N/A 0.6 0.2 0.3 -- 5 -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 44 42 53 46 237 225 256 276 62 73 57 86 107 181 400 585 18 20 42 75

4. Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Re-entry (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

4.1 Time to Reunification (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 12 mos. 76 82.1 80.3 83.8 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 18.4 13.5 16.1 13.4 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 4.1 3.9 3.2 1.7 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.7 48 or more mos. 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,044 1,019 1,236 1,280 4.2 Children Who Entered Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children entering care for the first time 78.4 79.8 79.2 79.4 Children re-entering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode 10.5 10.2 10 9.1 Children re-entering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode 10.8 9.4 10.1 10.3 Missing data 0.2 0.6 0.7 1.2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,683 1,929 2,193 2,350

5. Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

5.1 Time to Adoption (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 12 mos. 8.8 6.3 13.6 8.3 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 38.5 36.9 38.2 39.3 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 21.6 35.9 27.9 34.4 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 18.3 10.3 12.9 11.9 48 or more mos. 12.8 10.6 7.5 6.2 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 273 301 280 387

6. Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

6.1 Number of Placements by Time in Care (%) Year Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Missing Data Total % Number Less than 12 mos. 1999 84.3 13.6 2.1 100 1,922 2000 85 12.9 2.1 100 2,144 2001 83.8 14.9 1.3 100 2,477 2002 84.3 13.3 2.4 100 2,652 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 1999 64 34.9 1.1 100 992 2000 60.2 39.5 0.3 100 896 2001 66.5 33 0.5 100 1,028 2002 66.9 32.8 0.3 100 1,152 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 1999 51.7 48.3 -- 100 412 2000 47.4 52.2 0.3 100 578 2001 42.6 57.4 -- 100 469 2002 51.4 48.3 0.4 100 518 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 1999 34.1 65.9 -- 100 214 2000 36.5 63.5 -- 100 200 2001 32.4 67.3 0.4 100 275 2002 35.2 64.8 -- 100 233 48 or more mos. 1999 31.4 68.6 -- 100 296 2000 25 75 -- 100 264 2001 22.4 77.6 -- 100 254 2002 19.5 80.1 0.3 100 297 Missing data 1999 100 -- -- 100 3 2000 100 -- -- 100 1 2001 100 -- -- 100 1 2002 85.7 -- 14.3 100 7

7. Reduce Placements of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

7.1 Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Group homes 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.6 Institutions 1 1.5 0.8 1.8 Other settings 96.8 96.5 97.9 95.4 Missing data 1.7 1.6 0.9 2.2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,229 1,507 1,687 1,796

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Hawaii [ State Comment ]

Amy Tsark, Administrator
Child Welfare Services Branch
Social Services Division
Hawaii Department of Human Services
808-586-5667

The following are Hawaii’s comments on the State data presented in Child Welfare Outcomes 2002: Report to Congress:

• With regard to Outcome 2.1.—Maltreatment in Foster Care—we believe Hawaii’s numbers for maltreatment in foster care are higher than the national average because of miscoding errors during data entry. Hawaii is making changes to data mapping and data entry practices, which will generate accurate numbers for future transmissions.
  
  
• With regard to Child Fatalities, Hawaii’s child fatality numbers include children who died while the family had an active ongoing Child Welfare Services (CWS) case and children who were reported to CWS after their death. It is important to note that Hawaii’s numbers include accidental child deaths and deaths resulting from child abuse or neglect.
  

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Hawaii [ Federal Comment ]

HAWAII

The following discussion focuses on Hawaii’s performance with regard to each of the outcomes assessed in the Child Welfare Outcomes Annual Reports to Congress. The Hawaii Child and Family Services Review (CFSR) was completed in fiscal year (FY) 2003, and compliance with the national standards was based on data from 2001. The final report for that review is available from the Child Welfare Monitoring Documents Library. A discussion of the implications of CFSR findings for Hawaii performance on the Report to Congress Outcomes is provided in Child Welfare Outcomes 2001.

The Federal Comment includes an examination of State performance in 2002 and the percent change in performance from 1999 to 2002. A difference in percent change from 1999 to 2002 that was less than 5.0 in either direction was considered as representing “no change in performance.” With the exception of outcome measure 2.1, the data presented in the Report to Congress are rounded to one decimal. However, the percent change in performance was calculated using data rounded to two decimals. Measure 2.1 is rounded to two decimals because the national standard is less than one percent. Key findings of the analyses of national data pertaining to State variation in performance on the outcome measures are incorporated into a State’s Federal Comment when relevant.

Outcome 1. Reduce recurrence of child abuse and/or neglect
In calendar year (CY) 2002, Hawaii’s rate of maltreatment recurrence within 6 months was 4.8 percent, which is less than both the national standard (6.1 percent or less) and the national median (7.5 percent). Performance on this measure improved from 1999 to 2002 (-28.4 percent change).

The cross-State analyses of this measure found a small, but definite, positive relationship between State performance on this outcome measure and the percentage of child victims in the State experiencing neglect. States with a relatively low percentage of child victims experiencing neglect tended to have a relatively low percentage of maltreatment recurrence. For Hawaii, both the incidence of maltreatment recurrence (6.1 percent) and the percentage of child victims experiencing neglect (18.5 percent) were in the bottom quartile of the State rankings. This suggests that a State’s definitions and laws pertaining to what constitutes maltreatment may be related to the State’s performance on the outcome measure assessing maltreatment recurrence.

Outcome 2. Reduce the incidence of child abuse and/or neglect in foster care
In CY 2002, Hawaii’s incidence of maltreatment in foster care was 1.03 percent, which is more than both the national standard (0.57 percent) and the national median (0.39 percent). However, performance on this measure improved from 1999 to 2002 (-41.05 percent change).

Outcome 3. Increase permanency for children in foster care
In FY 2002, 90.2 percent of children exiting foster care in Hawaii were discharged to a permanent home (which is more than the national median of 86.1 percent); 86.8 percent of children with a diagnosed disability who exited foster care were discharged to a permanent home (which is more than the national median of 79.8 percent); and 70.3 percent of children exiting foster care who were older than age 12 when they entered foster care were discharged to a permanent home (which is about equal to the national median of 72.0 percent). In addition, 19.6 percent of the children emancipated from foster care were age 12 or younger when they entered foster care, which is less than the national median of 26.9 percent. This suggests that the State is generally successful in achieving permanency for the children who are discharged from the foster care system.

Hawaii’s performance improved from FY 1999 to FY 2002 with regard to: (1) the percentage of children with a diagnosed disability exiting foster care who were discharged to a permanent home (+8.6 percent change), and (2) the percentage of children emancipated from foster care who were age 12 or younger at the time of entry into foster care (-7.7 percent change). Performance on the other measures relevant to outcome 3 did not change.

Outcome 4. Reduce time to reunification without increasing re-entry
In FY 2002, the percentage of all reunifications in Hawaii occurring within 12 months of a child’s entry into foster care was 83.8, which is more than both the national standard (76.2 percent or more) and the national median (68.0 percent). Performance with regard to reunifications within 12 months improved from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (+10.3 percent change).

Because the cross-State analysis of performance on this measure found a substantial positive relationship between the percentage of reunifications within 12 months and the percentage of children entering foster care who were re-entering within 12 months of a prior episode, Hawaii’s performance with regard to reunifications within 12 months must be considered in the context of its re-entry rate. For Hawaii, the percentage of children entering foster care in FY 2002 who were re-entering within 12 months of a discharge from a prior foster care episode was 9.1, which does not meet the national standard (8.6 percent or less), but is less than the national median (9.9 percent). Performance on this measure improved from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (+29.9 percent change). Thus, although Hawaii had a relatively high percentage of reunifications in FY 2002 occurring within 12 months of entry into foster care, the State also had a relatively high percentage of children entering foster care who were re-entering within 12 months of a prior episode.

Outcome 5. Reduce time in foster care to adoption
In FY 2002, the percentage of all finalized adoptions occurring within 24 months of a child’s entry into foster care was 47.5, which is more than both the national standard (32.0 percent or more) and the national median (23.0 percent). Change in performance on this measure is assessed from FY 2000 to FY 2002 due to data quality issues for many States for this measure in FY 1999. Hawaii’s performance on this measure improved from FY 2000 to FY 2002 (+10.1 percent change).

Outcome 6. Increase placement stability
In FY 2002, the percentage of children who experienced no more than 2 placement settings during their first 12 months in foster care was 84.3, which does not meet the national standard (86.7 percent or more), but is about equal to the national median (84.1 percent). Performance on this measure did not change from FY 1999 to FY 2002.

Outcome 7. Reduce placements of young children in group homes and institutions
In FY 2002, the percentage of children age 12 or younger placed in a group home or institution was 2.4, which is less than the national median of 8.6 percent. Hawaii’s performance on this measure declined from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (+63.5 percent change).

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