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Home > Statistics & Research > Child Welfare Outcomes 2002 > Chapter Six > Nebraska

Nebraska

Context Data | Outcomes Data | State Comment | Federal Comment

Nebraska [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

General Population (Census Bureau) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Total children under 18 years 443,800 444,051 442,774 439,393 Race/ethnicity (%)1, 2         Alaska Native/American Indian 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 Asian N/A 1.3 1.4 1.5 Asian/Pacific Islander 1.7 N/A N/A N/A Black 5 5.3 5.5 5.6 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A N/A 0 0 Hispanic 6.9 8.3 8.6 8.9 White 85 81.8 81.2 80.7 Two or more races N/A 2.1 2 2 Other N/A 0.2 0 0 % Child population in poverty 12 11.4 13.5 12.7 Child Welfare Summary 1999 2000 2002 2002 Child maltreatment victims3 3,474 3,612 3,314 3,909 Children in foster care on 9/30 5,146 5,674 6,254 6,430 Children adopted 279 293 292 308

1The convention for the data tables is the following: N/A in the data table means that the category was not applicable for the specific year. A dash (-) means that there is "no value" or the category is a true zero (that is, no children were reported as being in that category). A zero (0) means that there is a value for the category, but the value is less than 0.1 percent.Back

2The multiple and overlapping race categories in this and subsequent race tables are due to changes in the Census Bureau categories beginning in 2000. Because the reporting of these categories is a relatively new process for States, changes in percentages over time may be due to data quality issues.Back

3A child victim is a child who is the subject of a substantiated or indicated maltreatment report. Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once.Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

Number Rate Maltreatment Information Overview 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment 13,582 9,997 10,707 12,262 30.6 per 1,000 22.5 per 1,000 24.2 per 1,000 27.9 per 1,000 Child maltreatment victims 3,474 3,612 3,314 3,909 7.8 per 1,000 8.1 per 1,000 7.5 per 1,000 8.9 per 1,000 Child fatalities 1 3 2 6 0.2 per 100,000 0.7 per 100,000 0.4 per 100,000 1.4 per 100,000

Age of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 8.4 9.5 9.5 10.3 1-5 years 31.3 31.2 31.4 35.7 6-10 years 31 30.1 30.1 27.6 11-15 years 22.3 22.6 23 21.1 16+ years 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.5 Unknown / Missing data 2.7 2.1 1.3 0.9 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 3,474 3,612 3,314 3,909 Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 4.6 6.1 5.6 6 Asian/Pacific Islander 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 Black 12.4 12.6 11.2 10.6 Hispanic 0 7 8.3 8 White 66.1 67.2 65.9 67.1 Two or more races 8.6 0.1 0.2 0.5 Total %4 100 100 100 100 Number 3,474 3,612 3,314 3,909 Maltreatment Type of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Emotional Abuse 3.9 5.1 6.7 6.9 Medical Neglect 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 Neglect 64.5 70.8 68.7 71.7 Physical Abuse 21.6 23.6 26.1 22.1 Sexual Abuse 9.8 10.4 11.5 9.6 Unknown / Missing data 0 -- -- -- Other 0 -- -- -- Total %5 100 110 113.1 110.4 Number 3,474 3,612 3,314 3,909

4Percentages may total more than 100 percent because Hispanics may be counted both by Hispanic ethnicity and by race.Back

5Percentages may total more than 100 percent because children could have been victims of more than one type of maltreatment.Back

C. Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Number of Children In Care on 10/1 Entered Care Exited Care In Care on 9/30 Total Served FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99) 4,440 2,806 2,100 5,146 7,246 FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00) 5,054 3,134 2,514 5,674 8,188 FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01) 5,540 3,350 2,636 6,254 8,890 FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02) 5,917 3,320 2,807 6,430 9,237 Median Length of Stay (Months)   FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99) 9.2 N/A 11 14.8 N/A FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00) 14.6 N/A 14.3 14.4 N/A FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01) 14.3 N/A 14.9 15 N/A FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02) 14.7 N/A 14.9 15.8 N/A Age of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care On: 10/1/98 In Care On: 10/1/99 In Care On: 10/1/00 In Care On: 10/1/01 Entered Care During FY: 1999 Entered Care During FY: 2000 Entered Care During FY: 2001 Entered Care During FY: 2002 Exited Care During FY: 1999 Exited Care During FY: 2000 Exited Care During FY:2001 Exited Care During FY: 2002 In Care On: 9/30/99 In Care On: 9/30/00 In Care On: 9/30/01 In Care On: 9/30/02 Under 1 Year 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.5 7.6 7.6 7.6 8.6 2.4 1.8 1.8 2 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.6 1-5 years 20.2 17.5 18.5 19.6 17 19.4 17.9 20.3 21.6 18.2 18.2 20.1 16.8 17.8 18.6 19.6 6-10 years 22.8 19.4 18.9 18.9 16.1 17.1 17.5 16 23.6 19.2 17.1 18.2 18.7 18.1 18.1 17.4 11-15 years 33.7 34.7 33.1 31.8 37.3 35 35.7 33.8 22.9 23.6 25.5 22.5 33.8 31.9 30.5 29.2 16-18 years 20.9 25.9 26.8 27.1 21.9 21 21.4 21.3 29.5 37.2 37.3 37.2 28.3 29.6 30.4 31.1 19+ years -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Unknown / Missing data -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 4,440 5,054 5,540 5,917 2,806 3,134 3,350 3,320 2,100 2,514 2,636 2,807 5,146 5,674 6,254 6,430 Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care On: 10/1/98 In Care On: 10/1/99 In Care On: 10/1/00 In Care On: 10/1/01 Entered Care During FY: 1999 Entered Care During FY: 2000 Entered Care During FY: 2001 Entered Care During FY: 2002 Exited Care During FY: 1999 Exited Care During FY: 2000 Exited Care During FY:2001 Exited Care During FY: 2002 In Care On: 9/30/99 In Care On: 9/30/00 In Care On: 9/30/01 In Care On: 9/30/02 Alaska Native/American Indian 7.5 7.8 8.2 7.5 8.1 7.1 6.2 8.4 8.3 7.2 8.8 9.7 7.5 7.7 6.9 7.1 Asian N/A 0.3 0.5 0.3 N/A 0.8 0.5 0.7 N/A 0.6 0.8 1.1 N/A 0.4 0.3 0.2 Asian/Pacific Islander 0.2 N/A N/A N/A 0.6 N/A N/A N/A 0.5 N/A N/A N/A 0.3 N/A N/A N/A Black 16.8 16.5 16.6 16.7 13 14.4 13.7 12.6 13.2 13.5 12.4 12.4 16.2 16.6 16.8 16.5 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A -- -- -- N/A -- -- 0 N/A -- -- -- N/A -- -- 0 Hispanic 7.2 7.6 7.6 8 9.5 8.6 9.6 9.1 9.5 8.9 9.3 9.5 7.5 7.5 8 7.9 White 66.3 66 65.5 65.2 67.4 67.8 67.9 66.5 66.8 67.9 67.2 64.7 66.7 66.1 66.1 66 Two or more races N/A 0.2 0.1 0.6 N/A 0 0.4 0.5 N/A 0 0.2 0.5 N/A 0.1 0.2 0.6 Unknown / Missing data 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.3 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.6 Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 4,440 5,054 5,540 5,917 2,806 3,134 3,350 3,320 2,100 2,514 2,636 2,807 5,146 5,674 6,254 6,430

D. Children Waiting to be Adopted (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)6

Overview 9/30/99 9/30/00 9/30/01 9/30/02 Children waiting to be adopted 437 488 352 410 Children whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR) 231 258 199 252 Age of Waiting Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 3.9 4.1 1.7 0.7 1-5 years 38.9 35 33 31.2 6-10 years 35.2 36.5 38.6 35.6 11-15 years 19 20.5 22.2 26.8 16+ years 2.7 2.3 4 4.4 Unknown / Missing data 0.2 1.6 0.6 1.2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 437 488 352 410 Race/Ethnicity of Waiting Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 5.3 7.8 8.5 10.5 Asian N/A 0.2 0.3 0.7 Asian/Pacific Islander 0.2 N/A N/A N/A Black 17.4 19.7 21.6 31 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A -- -- -- Hispanic 10.8 10 9.7 6.6 White 64.1 60.5 58 49 Two or more races N/A 0.2 -- 0.7 Unknown / Missing data 2.3 1.6 2 1.5 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 437 488 352 410

6Waiting children are children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR). Children 16 years and older with TPR, but with a goal of emancipation have been excluded from the waiting children and TPR populations.Back

E. Children Adopted (AFCARS Annual Adoption Database)

Age of Adopted Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 1.1 -- 1.4 1 1-5 years 43.4 41 42.8 48.7 6-10 years 40.9 41 33.9 34.7 11-15 years 12.5 16 19.2 14 16+ years 2.2 2 2.7 1.6 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 279 293 292 308 Race/Ethnicity of Adopted Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 2.2 4.4 4.8 5.2 Asian N/A -- 0.3 -- Asian/Pacific Islander -- N/A N/A N/A Black 19.4 21.8 16.1 14.6 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A -- -- -- Hispanic 6.8 3.8 7.9 9.1 White 70.3 68.3 69.2 68.5 Two or more races N/A -- 0.7 1.3 Unknown / Missing data 1.4 1.7 1 1.3 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 279 293 292 308

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Nebraska[ Outcomes Data ]

1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)

1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children without a recurrence 95.2 92.4 94.5 95.3 Children with one or more recurrences 4.8 7.6 5.5 4.7 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,118 1,425 1,427 1,557

2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS, AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database Jan-Sept)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children maltreated while in foster care -- 0 0.1 0.1 Children not maltreated while in foster care -- 100 99.9 99.9 Total % -- 100 100 100 Number -- 7,637 8,310 8,561

3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

3.1 Exits from Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 6.6 7.1 0.7 1.7 Guardianship 3.3 2.9 0.5 1.2 Reunification 65.9 62.6 80.3 73.6 Other 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.9 Missing data 23.6 26.6 18.2 22.5 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 2,100 2,514 2,636 2,807 Percent Exits from Foster Care 1999 2000 2001 2002   3.2 Exits of Disabled Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 6.7 10.3 -- 6.6 Guardianship -- -- 2.3 0.4 Reunification 66.7 65.5 76.7 76.4 Other -- -- -- -- Missing data 26.7 24.1 20.9 16.7 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 15 29 43 258 3.3 Exits of Children Over Age 12 at Entry (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- 0.1 -- -- Guardianship 1.8 1.3 0.1 0.9 Reunification 76.7 72.8 82.2 75.8 Other 0.2 0.7 0.1 1.4 Missing data 21.2 25.1 17.7 21.9 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 825 1,191 1,234 1,290 3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children age 12 or younger at entry 50 50 -- -- Children older than 12 at entry 50 50 -- 100 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 -- 100 Number 2 2   2

3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%) Alaska Native/A.I. Asian Asian/Pacific Islander Black Native Hawaiian/ Other P.I.   1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 1.7 2.8 0.4 1.8 N/A -- -- -- -- N/A N/A N/A 5.4 10.6 1.5 1.1 N/A -- -- -- Guardianship 1.1 1.7 2.1 1.1 N/A -- -- -- -- N/A N/A N/A 4 5.3 0.3 1.1 N/A -- -- -- Reunification 55.4 56.4 71.2 64.6 N/A 71.4 100 87.1 -- N/A N/A N/A 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.9 N/A -- -- -- Other -- 2.8 -- -- N/A -- -- -- 18.2 N/A N/A N/A 27.4 27.1 21.3 24.6 N/A -- -- -- Missing data 41.7 36.5 26.2 32.5 N/A 28.6 -- 12.9 N/A -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 N/A 100 100 100 100 N/A N/A N/A 100 100 100 100 N/A -- -- -- Number 175 181 233 271 N/A 14 21 31 11 N/A N/A N/A 277 340 328 349 N/A -- -- --     Hispanic White Unable to Determine Two or More Races Missing Data   1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 7.5 2.7 -- 1.5 7.4 7.5 0.7 2 3 9.1 -- -- N/A -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Guardianship 2.5 3.1 -- 2.6 3.7 2.5 0.5 1.2 -- 2.3 -- -- N/A -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Reunification 58.3 61.8 72.5 70.8 68.6 64.6 83 75.4 78.8 65.9 90.9 78 100 50 60 53.8 -- -- -- -- Other 0.5 -- -- 1.5 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.9 -- 2.3 -- 3.4 N/A -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Missing data 31.2 32.4 27.5 23.6 19.7 24.8 15.7 20.6 18.2 20.5 9.1 18.6 N/A 50 40 46.2 -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 -- -- -- -- Number 199 225 244 267 1,403 1,708 1,772 1,817 33 44 33 59 2 2 5 13 -- -- -- --

4. Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Re-entry (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

4.1 Time to Reunification (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 12 mos. 52.6 44.4 40.3 39.9 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 26.4 30.7 27.2 29.3 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 9.2 12.4 15.6 15.5 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 5.3 5.8 9.3 8.7 48 or more mos. 6.5 6.7 7.6 6.5 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,384 1,575 2,118 2,066 4.2 Children Who Entered Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children entering care for the first time 91.8 92.9 90 83.8 Children re-entering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode 3.1 3.5 4.8 8 Children re-entering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode 0.2 2.1 3.9 6.8 Missing data 4.9 1.5 1.3 1.4 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 2,806 3,134 3,350 3,320

5. Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

5.1 Time to Adoption (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 12 mos. 18.1 -- -- -- At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 24.6 17.9 5.3 8.2 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 10.9 26.3 15.8 30.6 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 21.7 21.8 21.1 22.4 48 or more mos. 24.6 34.1 57.9 38.8 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 138 179 19 49

6. Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

6.1 Number of Placements by Time in Care (%) Year Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Missing Data Total % Number Less than 12 mos. 1999 87.4 12.6 -- 100 3,321 2000 83.4 16.6 -- 100 3,575 2001 80.4 19.6 -- 100 3,775 2002 78.2 21.8 -- 100 3,792 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 1999 72.7 27.3 -- 100 2,111 2000 56.8 43.2 -- 100 2,097 2001 50.8 49.2 -- 100 2,320 2002 49.4 50.6 -- 100 2,415 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 1999 77.1 22.9 -- 100 699 2000 52.3 47.7 -- 100 1,347 2001 33.6 66.4 -- 100 1,272 2002 31.7 68.3 -- 100 1,359 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 1999 81.4 18.6 -- 100 414 2000 59.8 40.2 -- 100 440 2001 36.6 63.4 -- 100 858 2002 25.1 74.9 -- 100 782 48 or more mos. 1999 81.9 18.1 -- 100 691 2000 62.1 37.9 -- 100 728 2001 41.9 58.1 -- 100 664 2002 26 74 -- 100 884 Missing data 1999 100 -- -- 100 10 2000 100 -- -- 100 1 2001 100 -- -- 100 1 2002 100 -- -- 100 5

7. Reduce Placements of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

7.1 Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Group homes 2.8 3 2.6 4.7 Institutions 8.3 6.6 6 3.1 Other settings 89 90.4 91.4 92.2 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,307 1,586 1,642 1,662

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Nebraska [ State Comment ]

Sherri Haber, Deputy Administrator
Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services
402-471-7989

The following are Nebraska’s comments on the State data presented in Child Welfare Outcomes 2002: Report to Congress:

The issues we would like to address relate to measures 5.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.5. All of these measures tie to the ‘Reason for Discharge’. The State of Nebraska has had technical and programmatic issues relating to the definition of Discharge. We believe these issues have been resolved for future reporting. We have requested assistance from the National Child Welfare Resource Center for Information Technology to review what we have done and once we all agree that Nebraska is reporting this information properly, resubmission of previous AFCARS will be completed. The 2004(A) AFCARS ‘Reason for Discharge’ data look very good, so we are hopeful we are on the right path. Once these are resolved, we should see a significant change our outcome measures.

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Nebraska [ Federal Comment ]

The following discussion focuses on Nebraska’s performance with regard to each of the outcomes assessed in the Child Welfare Outcomes Annual Reports to Congress. The Nebraska Child and Family Services Review (CFSR) was completed in fiscal year (FY) 2002, and compliance with the national standards was based on data from 2000. The final report for that review is available from the Child Welfare Monitoring Documents Library. A discussion of the implications of CFSR findings for Nebraska’s performance on the Report to Congress Outcomes is provided in Child Welfare Outcomes 2000.

The Federal Comment includes an examination of State performance in 2002 and the percent change in performance from 1999 to 2002. A difference in percent change from 1999 to 2002 that was less than 5.0 in either direction was considered to represent “no change in performance.” With the exception of outcome measure 2.1, the data presented in the Report to Congress are rounded to one decimal. However, the percent change in performance was calculated using data rounded to two decimals. Measure 2.1 is rounded to two decimals because the national standard is less than one percent. Key findings of the analyses of national data pertaining to State variation in performance on the outcome measures are incorporated into a State’s Federal Comment when relevant.

Outcome 1. Reduce recurrence of child abuse and/or neglect
In calendar year (CY) 2002, Nebraska’s rate of maltreatment recurrence within 6 months was 4.7 percent, which is less than both the national standard (6.1 percent or less) and the national median (7.5 percent). There was no change in performance on this measure from 1999 to 2002.

Outcome 2. Reduce the incidence of child abuse and/or neglect in foster care
In CY 2002, Nebraska’s incidence of maltreatment in foster care was 0.09 percent, which is less than both the national standard (0.57 percent) and the national median (0.39 percent). Change in performance on this measure is difficult to assess because of the very small number of children reported as maltreated in foster care—three children in 2000 and eight children in 2002.

Outcome 3. Increase permanency for children in foster care
Nebraska’s performance with regard to outcome 3 cannot be assessed because of potential data quality issues. For most of the measures for outcome 3, 20 percent or more of the children reported as exiting from foster care did not have “reason for discharge” information. Only two children were reported to be emancipated from foster care in each of FYs 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002.

Outcome 4. Reduce time to reunification without increasing re-entry
In FY 2002, the percentage of all reunifications in Nebraska occurring within 12 months of a child’s entry into foster care was 39.9. However, the validity of the data is questionable because 22.5 percent of the exits from foster care in FY 2002 did not have “reason for discharge” information.

Nebraska’s performance in FY 2002 with regard to the percentage of re-entries into foster care within 12 months of a discharge from a prior foster care episode was 8.0, which is less than both the national standard (8.6 percent or less) and the national median (9.9 percent). However, performance on this measure declined considerably from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (+158.4 percent change).

Outcome 5. Reduce time in foster care to adoption
In FY 2002, the percentage of all finalized adoptions occurring within 24 months of a child’s entry into foster care was 8.2. However, the validity of the data is questionable because 22.5 percent of the exits from foster care in FY 2002 did not have “reason for discharge” information. Also, there was a substantial discrepancy between the number of adoptions provided in the State’s AFCARS Adoption data submission (308 adoptions) and the number of exits to a finalized adoption reported in the State’s AFCARS Foster Care data submission (49 exits to adoption). A similar discrepancy occurred in prior years.

Outcome 6. Increase placement stability
In FY 2002, the percentage of children who experienced no more than 2 placement settings during their first 12 months in foster care was 78.2, which is less than both the national standard (86.7 percent or more) and the national median (84.1 percent). Nebraska’s performance on this measure declined from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (-10.5 percent change).

Outcome 7. Reduce placements of young children in group homes and institutions
In FY 2002, the percentage of children age 12 or younger placed in a group home or institution was 7.8, which is less than the national median of 8.6 percent. Nebraska’s performance on this measure improved from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (-29.6 percent change).

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