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Home > Statistics & Research > Child Welfare Outcomes 2002 > Chapter Six > Ohio

Ohio

Context Data | Outcomes Data | Federal Comment

Ohio [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

General Population (Census Bureau) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Total children under 18 years 2,844,071 2,875,220 2,876,999 2,879,927 Race/ethnicity (%)1, 2         Alaska Native/American Indian 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Asian N/A 1.1 1.2 1.3 Asian/Pacific Islander 1.4 N/A N/A N/A Black 14.5 14.2 14.5 14.5 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A N/A 0 0 Hispanic 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.8 White 81.6 79.2 79.1 78.9 Two or more races N/A 2.3 2.2 2.3 Other N/A 0.3 0 0 % Child population in poverty 18 14.6 16.2 11.7 Child Welfare Summary 1999 2000 2002 2002 Child maltreatment victims3 55,921 54,084 51,031 50,141 Children in foster care on 9/30 20,078 20,365 21,584 21,038 Children adopted 1,868 2,044 2,230 2,396

1The convention for the data tables is the following: N/A in the data table means that the category was not applicable for the specific year. A dash (-) means that there is "no value" or the category is a true zero (that is, no children were reported as being in that category). A zero (0) means that there is a value for the category, but the value is less than 0.1 percent.Back

2The multiple and overlapping race categories in this and subsequent race tables are due to changes in the Census Bureau categories beginning in 2000. Because the reporting of these categories is a relatively new process for States, changes in percentages over time may be due to data quality issues.Back

3A child victim is a child who is the subject of a substantiated or indicated maltreatment report. Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once.Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

Number Rate Maltreatment Information Overview 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment 128,924 120,712 113,720 110,495 45.3 per 1,000 42.0 per 1,000 39.5 per 1,000 38.4 per 1,000 Child maltreatment victims 55,921 54,084 51,031 50,141 19.7 per 1,000 18.8 per 1,000 17.7 per 1,000 17.4 per 1,000 Child fatalities 58 58 80 72 2.0 per 100,000 2.0 per 100,000 2.8 per 100,000 2.5 per 100,000

Age of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 7.6 8.2 7.9 7.7 1-5 years 29.6 30.2 30.2 30.9 6-10 years 29.9 29.6 28.9 28.2 11-15 years 23.8 23.7 24.7 24.7 16+ years 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.4 Unknown / Missing data 2.8 1.9 1.8 2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 55,921 54,084 51,031 50,141 Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 Asian/Pacific Islander 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 Black 30.1 31.2 30 29.4 Hispanic 1.3 1.1 1 1.2 White 64 63.5 60.7 62.1 Two or more races 0 -- 1.1 1 Total %4 100.7 100.8 100 100 Number 55,921 54,084 51,031 50,141 Maltreatment Type of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Emotional Abuse 4.2 5.5 11.2 13.4 Medical Neglect 0 0 0 0 Neglect 53.3 52.7 53.1 54.3 Physical Abuse 28 27.7 25.6 23.2 Sexual Abuse 14.1 14 15.4 15.5 Unknown / Missing data 0.3 0.1 -- -- Other 0 -- -- -- Total %5 100 100 105.3 106.4 Number 55,921 54,084 51,031 50,141

4Percentages may total more than 100 percent because Hispanics may be counted both by Hispanic ethnicity and by race.Back

5Percentages may total more than 100 percent because children could have been victims of more than one type of maltreatment.Back

C. Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Number of Children In Care on 10/1 Entered Care Exited Care In Care on 9/30 Total Served FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99) 16,951 15,946 12,819 20,078 32,897 FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00) 19,100 15,396 14,131 20,365 34,496 FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01) 19,563 16,157 14,136 21,584 35,720 FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02) 20,477 14,982 14,421 21,038 35,459 Median Length of Stay (Months)   FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99) 12.6 N/A 4.8 13.4 N/A FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00) 14 N/A 7.4 14.4 N/A FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01) 14.7 N/A 7.6 13.4 N/A FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02) 13.8 N/A 9.8 14.1 N/A Age of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care On: 10/1/98 In Care On: 10/1/99 In Care On: 10/1/00 In Care On: 10/1/01 Entered Care During FY: 1999 Entered Care During FY: 2000 Entered Care During FY: 2001 Entered Care During FY: 2002 Exited Care During FY: 1999 Exited Care During FY: 2000 Exited Care During FY:2001 Exited Care During FY: 2002 In Care On: 9/30/99 In Care On: 9/30/00 In Care On: 9/30/01 In Care On: 9/30/02 Under 1 Year 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.7 12.7 12.9 13.8 14 5.7 5.4 5.7 5.3 5.5 5.4 5.7 5.6 1-5 years 24 24.9 24.7 24.2 24.8 24.7 24 26.1 25.5 27.3 27.1 28.7 24.8 24.8 24.4 24.8 6-10 years 23 23.8 23.2 22.2 21.5 21.1 20.4 20.1 20.2 21.5 20.8 20.9 23.5 23 22 20.7 11-15 years 29 28.5 28.8 29 28.6 28.5 29.1 28.2 25.3 24 24.9 23.8 28.6 28.8 28.9 29 16-18 years 17.2 16.1 16.8 17.7 12 12.6 12.6 11.5 21.7 20.4 20.2 19.5 15.9 16.6 17.6 18.5 19+ years 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0 0 0 0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.6 0.9 0.8 1 1.1 Unknown / Missing data 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.4 Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 16,951 19,100 19,563 20,477 15,946 15,396 16,157 14,982 12,819 14,131 14,136 14,421 20,078 20,365 21,584 21,038 Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care On: 10/1/98 In Care On: 10/1/99 In Care On: 10/1/00 In Care On: 10/1/01 Entered Care During FY: 1999 Entered Care During FY: 2000 Entered Care During FY: 2001 Entered Care During FY: 2002 Exited Care During FY: 1999 Exited Care During FY: 2000 Exited Care During FY:2001 Exited Care During FY: 2002 In Care On: 9/30/99 In Care On: 9/30/00 In Care On: 9/30/01 In Care On: 9/30/02 Alaska Native/American Indian -- 0.2 0.1 0 -- 0 0 0.1 -- 0.2 0 0.1 -- 0.1 0 0 Asian N/A 0.1 0.1 0.1 N/A 0.2 0.2 0.2 N/A 0.3 0.2 0.2 N/A 0.1 0.1 0 Asian/Pacific Islander -- N/A N/A N/A -- N/A N/A N/A -- N/A N/A N/A -- N/A N/A N/A Black -- 46.9 47.1 47.7 0.1 41 42.3 38.8 -- 40.3 41.1 41.8 0 47 47.4 45.3 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A 0 0 0 N/A 0 0 0 N/A 0 0 0 N/A 0 0 0 Hispanic 0.7 2.6 2.7 2.8 0.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 1.2 2.9 2.6 3.1 0.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 White 0.3 44.2 44 43.9 0.5 50.5 49.6 53 0.2 50.7 50.2 49.3 0.5 44.4 44.1 46.6 Two or more races N/A 5.1 5.1 4.3 N/A 4.2 3.4 3.1 N/A 4.3 4.4 4 N/A 4.9 4.3 3.7 Unknown / Missing data 99 0.9 0.9 1.2 98.6 1.3 1.7 2.1 98.6 1.2 1.3 1.5 98.9 1 1.2 1.6 Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 16,951 19,100 19,563 20,477 15,946 15,396 16,157 14,982 12,819 14,131 14,136 14,421 20,078 20,365 21,584 21,038

D. Children Waiting to be Adopted (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)6

Overview 9/30/99 9/30/00 9/30/01 9/30/02 Children waiting to be adopted 3,476 4,439 5,929 5,739 Children whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR) 590 3,035 4,919 4,345 Age of Waiting Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 3.1 2.8 2.7 4.1 1-5 years 27.7 26.6 26.9 26.8 6-10 years 30.4 29.3 28 27 11-15 years 30.5 31.4 31.4 31.9 16+ years 6.9 8.2 8.7 8.1 Unknown / Missing data 1.5 1.7 2.3 2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 3,476 4,439 5,929 5,739 Race/Ethnicity of Waiting Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian -- 0 0.1 0 Asian N/A -- 0.1 0 Asian/Pacific Islander -- N/A N/A N/A Black 0.2 48 53.8 53.4 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A -- -- -- Hispanic 0.4 2 2.6 2.8 White 0.3 44.2 37.9 38.6 Two or more races N/A 5.4 5 4.3 Unknown / Missing data 99.1 0.4 0.4 0.8 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 3,476 4,439 5,929 5,739

6Waiting children are children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR). Children 16 years and older with TPR, but with a goal of emancipation have been excluded from the waiting children and TPR populations.Back

E. Children Adopted (AFCARS Annual Adoption Database)

Age of Adopted Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 7.4 6.3 4.9 3.6 1-5 years 48.6 48.4 47 44 6-10 years 28.7 28.9 29.9 28.9 11-15 years 13.1 13.7 15.4 20.3 16+ years 2.2 2.7 2.8 3.2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,868 2,044 2,230 2,396 Race/Ethnicity of Adopted Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 0.2 0.2 0 0 Asian N/A 0.3 0 0 Asian/Pacific Islander 0 N/A N/A N/A Black 50.9 42.5 44.8 45.5 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A -- -- -- Hispanic 0.4 3.6 2.7 2.7 White 46.6 45.6 45.1 44.3 Two or more races N/A 6.8 6.8 6.8 Unknown / Missing data 1.9 0.9 0.5 0.6 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,868 2,044 2,230 2,396

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Ohio [ Outcomes Data ]

1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)

1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children without a recurrence -- -- 91.8 91.8 Children with one or more recurrences -- -- 8.2 8.2 Total % -- -- 100 100 Number -- -- 19,452 24,703

2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS, AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database Jan-Sept)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children maltreated while in foster care -- -- 0.1 0.2 Children not maltreated while in foster care -- -- 99.9 99.8 Total % -- -- 100 100 Number -- -- 32,418 31,956

3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

3.1 Exits from Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- 12 13.9 14.9 Guardianship 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.6 Reunification 71.6 64.2 62.5 64.8 Other 8.6 8.4 8 9.1 Missing data 16 11.4 11.7 6.6 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 12,819 14,131 14,136 14,421 Percent Exits from Foster Care 1999 2000 2001 2002   3.2 Exits of Disabled Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- 15.6 18 18.5 Guardianship 2.8 3.5 3.3 3.1 Reunification 72.6 59.5 57 56.4 Other 15.7 13.7 14.7 16 Missing data 8.9 7.7 7 6 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 4,391 4,930 4,344 4,186 3.3 Exits of Children Over Age 12 at Entry (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- 0.4 0.6 1.1 Guardianship 3.1 3 3.5 3.8 Reunification 50.8 52.8 50.3 60.6 Other 18.1 20.1 19.1 22.5 Missing data 28 23.6 26.4 12 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 4,548 4,601 4,603 4,298 3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children age 12 or younger at entry 24.2 22.5 22.2 26.4 Children older than 12 at entry 75.6 77.3 77.8 73.4 Missing data 0.2 0.2 -- 0.2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 952 1,028 1,013 1,161

3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%) Alaska Native/A.I. Asian Asian/Pacific Islander Black Native Hawaiian/ Other P.I.   1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- 9.7 8.3 5.3 N/A 10.3 5.7 3 -- N/A N/A N/A -- 12 14.7 16 N/A -- -- -- Guardianship -- 6.5 -- 15.8 N/A 2.6 -- -- -- N/A N/A N/A -- 4.3 4.3 4.9 N/A -- -- -- Reunification -- 64.5 66.7 68.4 N/A 76.9 68.6 66.7 -- N/A N/A N/A -- 8.8 7.8 9.3 N/A -- 100 50 Other -- 6.5 16.7 5.3 N/A -- 11.4 3 -- N/A N/A N/A -- 12 13.6 7.7 N/A -- -- -- Missing data -- 12.9 8.3 5.3 N/A 10.3 14.3 27.3 N/A 100 -- 50 Total % -- 100 100 100 N/A 100 100 100 -- N/A N/A N/A -- 100 100 100 N/A 100 100 100 Number -- 31 12 19 N/A 39 35 33 -- N/A N/A N/A -- 5,701 5,806 6,034 N/A 1 3 2     Hispanic White Unable to Determine Two or More Races Missing Data   1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- 15.3 15.7 13.9 -- 11.5 13 13.5 -- 6.3 4.4 5.2 N/A 18 19.8 25.1 -- -- -- -- Guardianship 4.5 5.8 4.9 6.8 4.3 3.5 3.5 4.2 3.9 3.4 2.2 2.4 N/A 5.1 4.5 4.9 -- -- -- -- Reunification 68.8 62 62.4 66.8 78.3 65.3 64.7 67.3 71.6 66.3 57.5 72.5 N/A 63.2 63.5 57.9 -- -- -- -- Other 5.2 8 9.7 8.4 4.3 8.3 8.2 9.2 8.6 5.7 5.5 6.2 N/A 7.8 8 7.4 -- -- -- -- Missing data 21.4 8.8 7.3 4.1 13 11.4 10.6 5.8 16 18.3 30.4 13.7 N/A 5.9 4.3 4.7 -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 N/A 100 100 100 -- -- -- -- Number 154 411 370 440 23 7,167 7,102 7,112 12,642 175 181 211 N/A 606 627 570 -- -- -- --

4. Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Re-entry (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

4.1 Time to Reunification (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 12 mos. 74 73.9 74.2 73 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 19.3 18.9 18.6 20.6 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 0.9 1.1 1.1 1 48 or more mos. 1.2 1.1 1 1 Missing data 0.9 1.3 1.4 0.9 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 9,172 9,074 8,828 9,345 4.2 Children Who Entered Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children entering care for the first time 68.7 72 72 72.4 Children re-entering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode 12.6 13.7 12.4 13.1 Children re-entering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode 11.4 12.4 13.2 13.5 Missing data 7.3 1.9 2.4 1 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 15,946 15,396 16,157 14,982

5. Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

5.1 Time to Adoption (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 12 mos. -- 5.4 4.6 4.7 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. -- 23.8 21.1 23.5 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. -- 28.2 32.7 28.5 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. -- 20.2 20.1 20 48 or more mos. -- 22.3 21.5 23.3 Missing data -- 0.1 -- -- Total % -- 100 100 100 Number -- 1,694 1,967 2,143

6. Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

6.1 Number of Placements by Time in Care (%) Year Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Missing Data Total % Number Less than 12 mos. 1999 84 12.2 3.7 100 18,460 2000 85.8 12 2.2 100 17,945 2001 86 12.4 1.5 100 18,718 2002 84.5 13.5 2 100 17,791 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 1999 62.1 37.4 0.6 100 6,503 2000 62.1 37.5 0.3 100 6,921 2001 62.2 37.4 0.3 100 6,911 2002 61.1 38.6 0.3 100 7,542 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 1999 47.3 52.2 0.5 100 2,883 2000 45.2 54.5 0.2 100 3,446 2001 44.4 55.3 0.3 100 3,666 2002 42.9 56.9 0.2 100 3,473 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 1999 32.2 67.2 0.5 100 1,523 2000 34.8 64.9 0.3 100 2,096 2001 35.5 64.4 0.1 100 2,176 2002 30.9 68.8 0.3 100 2,223 48 or more mos. 1999 23.7 75.4 1 100 3,367 2000 22.3 77 0.7 100 3,906 2001 21.4 77.9 0.7 100 4,102 2002 21.2 78.3 0.4 100 4,274 Missing data 1999 79.5 0.6 19.9 100 161 2000 68.7 -- 31.3 100 182 2001 55.8 1.4 42.9 100 147 2002 76.9 0.6 22.4 100 156

7. Reduce Placements of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

7.1 Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Group homes 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.9 Institutions 3.5 2.8 2.8 2.4 Other settings 95.4 96.1 95.9 96.6 Missing data 0 -- 0 0.1 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 10,527 10,102 10,629 10,103

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Ohio [ Federal Comment ]

The following discussion focuses on Ohio’s performance with regard to each of the outcomes assessed in the Child Welfare Outcomes Annual Reports to Congress. The Ohio Child and Family Services Review (CFSR) was completed in fiscal year (FY) 2002, and compliance with the national standards was based on data from 2000. The final report for that review is available from the Child Welfare Monitoring Documents Library. A discussion of the implications of CFSR findings for Ohio’s performance on the Report to Congress Outcomes is provided in Child Welfare Outcomes 2000.

The Federal Comment includes an examination of State performance in 2002 and the percent change in performance from 1999 to 2002. A difference in percent change from 1999 to 2002 that was less than 5.0 in either direction was considered to represent “no change in performance.” With the exception of outcome measure 2.1, the data presented in the Report to Congress are rounded to one decimal. However, the percent change in performance was calculated using data rounded to two decimals. Measure 2.1 is rounded to two decimals because the national standard is less than one percent. Key findings of the analyses of national data pertaining to State variation in performance on the outcome measures are incorporated into a State’s Federal Comment when relevant.

Outcome 1. Reduce recurrence of child abuse and/or neglect
In calendar year (CY) 2002, Ohio’s rate of maltreatment recurrence within 6 months was 8.2 percent, which is more than both the national standard (6.1 percent or less) and the national median (7.5 percent). Performance on this measure exhibited no change from 2001 (the first year that these data were reported) to 2002.

Outcome 2. Reduce the incidence of child abuse and/or neglect in foster care
In CY 2002, Ohio’s incidence of maltreatment in foster care was 0.15 percent, which is less than both the national standard (0.57 percent or less) and the national median (0.39 percent). Performance on this measure exhibited no change from 2001 (the first year that these data were reported) to 2002.

Outcome 3. Increase permanency for children in foster care
In FY 2002, 84.3 percent of children exiting foster care in Ohio were discharged to a permanent home (which is less than the national median of 86.1 percent); 78.0 percent of children with a diagnosed disability who exited foster care were discharged to a permanent home (which is less than the national median of 79.8 percent); and 65.6 percent of children exiting foster care who were older than age 12 at entry into foster care were discharged to a permanent home (which is less than the national median of 72.0 percent). In addition, 26.4 percent of the children emancipating from foster care were age 12 or younger when they entered foster care, which is about equal to the national median of 26.9 percent. These findings suggest that the State is not consistently successful in achieving permanency for children exiting foster care.

Ohio’s performance on these measures improved from FY 1999 to FY 2002 with regard to the percentage of children exiting foster care who were discharged to permanent homes (+11.7 percent change). There was no change in performance with regard to the percentage of children exiting foster care who had a diagnosed disability. Change in performance from FY 1999 to FY 2002 with regard to finding permanent homes for children exiting foster care when they were age 13 or older cannot be assessed because of missing “reason for discharge” information for this measure in FY 1999. However, performance declined from FY 1999 to FY 2002 with regard to the percentage of children emancipated from foster care who were age 12 or younger when they entered foster care (+9.4 percent change).

Outcome 4. Reduce time to reunification without increasing re-entry
In FY 2002, the percentage of all reunifications in Ohio occurring within 12 months of a child’s entry into foster care was 73.0, which does not meet the national standard (76.2 percent or more), but is more than the national median (68.0 percent). Performance with regard to reunifications within 12 months exhibited no change from FY 1999 to FY 2002.

Because the cross-State analyses found a substantial positive relationship between performance on this measure and the percentage of children entering foster care who were re-entering within 12 months of a prior episode, Ohio’s performance in FY 2002 with regard to reunifications within 12 months must be considered in the context of its re-entry rate. For Ohio, the percentage of children entering foster care in FY 2002 who were re-entering within 12 months of a discharge from a prior foster care episode was 13.1, which is considerably more than both the national standard (8.6 percent or less) and the national median (9.9 percent). Thus, although Ohio had a relatively high (above the national median) percentage of children reunified within 12 months of entry into foster care, the State also had a relatively high percentage of children entering foster care in FY 2002 who were re-entering within 12 months of a prior episode. Ohio’s performance on the measure of foster care re-entry did not change from FY 1999 to 2002.

Outcome 5. Reduce time in foster care to adoption
In FY 2002, the percentage of all finalized adoptions occurring within 24 months of a child’s entry into foster care was 28.2, which does not meet the national standard (32.0 percent or more), but is more than the national median (23.0 percent). Change in performance on this measure is assessed from FY 2000 to FY 2002 due to data quality issues for many States for this measure in FY 1999. Performance on this measure did not change from FY 2000 to FY 2002.

Outcome 6. Increase placement stability
In FY 2002, the percentage of children who experienced no more than 2 placement settings during their first 12 months in foster care was 84.5, which does not meet the national standard (86.7 percent or more), but is about equal to the national median (84.1 percent). Performance on this measure did not change from FY 1999 to FY 2002.

Outcome 7. Reduce placements of young children in group homes and institutions
In FY 2002, the percentage of children age 12 or younger placed in a group home or institution was 3.3, which is less than the national median of 8.6 percent. Ohio’s performance on this measure improved from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (-28.7 percent change).

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