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Context Data | Outcomes Data | State Comment | Federal Comment

Pennsylvania [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

General Population (Census Bureau)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Total children under 18 years	2,852,520	2,896,337	2,880,499	2,863,452
Race/ethnicity (%)1 , 2
Alaska Native/American Indian	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian	N/A	1.9	2	2
Asian/Pacific Islander	2.1	N/A	N/A	N/A
Black	12.2	12.7	13	13.1
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	N/A	N/A	0	0
Hispanic	4.3	5.1	5.2	5.2
White	81.3	78.2	78.1	77.8
Two or more races	N/A	1.8	1.6	1.7
Other	N/A	0.2	0	0
% Child population in poverty	13	10.6	14	13.6

Child Welfare Summary	1999	2000	2002	2002
Child maltreatment victims3	5,076	5,002	4,784	5,057
Children in foster care on 9/30	22,690	21,631	21,237	21,434
Children adopted	1,454	1,712	1,564	2,020

¹The convention for the data tables is the following: N/A in the data table means that the category was not applicable for the specific year. A dash (-) means that there is "no value" or the category is a true zero (that is, no children were reported as being in that category). A zero (0) means that there is a value for the category, but the value is less than 0.1 percent.Back

²The multiple and overlapping race categories in this and subsequent race tables are due to changes in the Census Bureau categories beginning in 2000. Because the reporting of these categories is a relatively new process for States, changes in percentages over time may be due to data quality issues.Back

³A child victim is a child who is the subject of a substantiated or indicated maltreatment report. Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once.Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

	Number				Rate
Maltreatment Information Overview	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002
Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment	22,437	22,694	23,012	24,330	7.9 per 1,000	7.8 per 1,000	8.0 per 1,000	8.5 per 1,000
Child maltreatment victims	5,076	5,002	4,784	5,057	1.8 per 1,000	1.7 per 1,000	1.7 per 1,000	1.8 per 1,000
Child fatalities	50	38	47	49	1.8 per 100,000	1.3 per 100,000	1.6 per 100,000	1.7 per 100,000

Age of Child Victims (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Under 1 Year	0.6	5.6	5.4	5.1
1-5 years	21	21.5	21.1	22.3
6-10 years	28.3	29.4	29.5	26.8
11-15 years	32.5	32.8	33.5	34
16+ years	17.6	10.5	10.5	11.8
Unknown / Missing data	0	0.2	--	--
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	5,076	5,002	4,784	5,057

Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Alaska Native/American Indian	0	--	--	--
Asian/Pacific Islander	0	--	--	--
Black	0	--	--	--
Hispanic	0	--	--	--
White	0	--	--	--
Two or more races	0	--	--	--
Total %4	0	100	100	100
Number	5,076	5,002	4,784	5,057

Maltreatment Type of Child Victims (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Emotional Abuse	2	2	2	1.6
Medical Neglect	2.4	2.9	2.8	2.9
Neglect	3.8	3.6	3.5	3.9
Physical Abuse	62.1	37.6	37.9	38.3
Sexual Abuse	80.4	49.9	48.6	54.3
Unknown / Missing data	0	0	1	0.7
Other	1.8	6.3	6.4	--
Total %5	152.5	102.3	102.2	101.7
Number	5,076	5,002	4,784	5,057

⁴Percentages may total more than 100 percent because Hispanics may be counted both by Hispanic ethnicity and by race.Back

⁵Percentages may total more than 100 percent because children could have been victims of more than one type of maltreatment.Back

C. Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Number of Children	In Care on 10/1	Entered Care	Exited Care	In Care on 9/30	Total Served
FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99)	21,809	13,299	12,419	22,690	35,108
FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00)	21,322	12,235	11,926	21,631	33,557
FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01)	20,544	12,420	11,730	21,237	32,964
FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02)	19,849	13,616	12,031	21,434	33,465
Median Length of Stay (Months)
FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99)	20.5	N/A	10.3	19.2	N/A
FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00)	20.3	N/A	10.5	19.9	N/A
FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01)	20.8	N/A	9.9	20.1	N/A
FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02)	19.8	N/A	10	16.7	N/A

Age of Children in Foster Care (%)	In Care On: 10/1/98	In Care On: 10/1/99	In Care On: 10/1/00	In Care On: 10/1/01	Entered Care During FY: 1999	Entered Care During FY: 2000	Entered Care During FY: 2001	Entered Care During FY: 2002	Exited Care During FY: 1999	Exited Care During FY: 2000	Exited Care During FY:2001	Exited Care During FY: 2002	In Care On: 9/30/99	In Care On: 9/30/00	In Care On: 9/30/01	In Care On: 9/30/02
Under 1 Year	3.4	3.4	3	3.1	10.7	10.6	10.1	10.3	3.1	3.4	3.4	3.1	3.9	3.2	3.1	3.9
1-5 years	21.1	21	20.4	20.2	18.8	18.5	16.7	18	18.9	18.6	18.5	19	20.5	20.5	19.4	19.8
6-10 years	23.9	24.2	23.6	22.2	16.8	17	15.8	15.4	16.7	17.5	16.8	16	23.4	23.3	21.5	20.1
11-15 years	30.7	31.6	33.1	33.3	34.6	36.2	38.3	36.7	26.9	27.7	29.5	28.6	31.3	33.1	34.1	33.7
16-18 years	19.5	18.3	18.4	19.6	18.9	17.6	19	19.4	31.6	30.1	29	30.3	19.3	18.4	20.1	20.9
19+ years	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.6	0.1	0.1	0	0.2	2.6	2.5	2.6	2.9	1.5	1.5	1.7	1.6
Unknown / Missing data	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0	0	0	0
Total %	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Number	21,809	21,322	20,544	19,849	13,299	12,235	12,420	13,616	12,419	11,926	11,730	12,031	22,690	21,631	21,237	21,434

Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%)	In Care On: 10/1/98	In Care On: 10/1/99	In Care On: 10/1/00	In Care On: 10/1/01	Entered Care During FY: 1999	Entered Care During FY: 2000	Entered Care During FY: 2001	Entered Care During FY: 2002	Exited Care During FY: 1999	Exited Care During FY: 2000	Exited Care During FY:2001	Exited Care During FY: 2002	In Care On: 9/30/99	In Care On: 9/30/00	In Care On: 9/30/01	In Care On: 9/30/02
Alaska Native/American Indian	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0	0.2	0	0.1	0.1	0.1
Asian	N/A	0.5	0.4	0.4	N/A	0.3	0.6	0.4	N/A	0.5	0.6	0.5	N/A	0.4	0.4	0.4
Asian/Pacific Islander	0.5	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.7	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.7	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.5	N/A	N/A	N/A
Black	52.4	53.3	52.4	51.3	40.9	40.2	38.8	39.9	42.6	42.9	41.3	40.4	51	51.6	50.6	50.1
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	N/A	--	--	--	N/A	--	--	--	N/A	--	--	--	N/A	--	--	--
Hispanic	10.7	8.5	8.9	8.2	11.1	9.2	9.5	10.6	10.5	8.2	9.2	9.4	11	9.1	9.2	9.1
White	36	37.3	37.7	39.6	46.9	49.4	50.2	48.1	45.6	47.7	48.2	48.8	37.1	38.4	39.2	39.9
Two or more races	N/A	--	0	0	N/A	0	0.2	0.2	N/A	0	0.1	0.1	N/A	0	0	0.1
Unknown / Missing data	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Total %	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Number	21,809	21,322	20,544	19,849	13,299	12,235	12,420	13,616	12,419	11,926	11,730	12,031	22,690	21,631	21,237	21,434

D. Children Waiting to be Adopted (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database: Fiscal Year Data)6

Overview	9/30/99	9/30/00	9/30/01	9/30/02
Children waiting to be adopted	4,891	5,210	4,808	4,240
Children whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR)	846	1,008	942	916

Age of Waiting Children (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Under 1 Year	2.1	1.6	1.5	2.3
1-5 years	32.1	30.6	30.3	30.8
6-10 years	37.5	36.7	35	31.6
11-15 years	24.1	26.4	27.7	29.4
16+ years	3.6	4	4.8	5.3
Unknown / Missing data	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.7
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	4,891	5,210	4,808	4,240

Race/Ethnicity of Waiting Children (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Alaska Native/American Indian	0	0	0.1	0.1
Asian	N/A	0.5	0.4	0.4
Asian/Pacific Islander	0.4	N/A	N/A	N/A
Black	54.3	57.2	55.7	54.5
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	N/A	--	--	--
Hispanic	12.4	9.5	10.3	8.3
White	32.4	32.3	33	36
Two or more races	N/A	0	0	0.1
Unknown / Missing data	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	4,891	5,210	4,808	4,240

⁶Waiting children are children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR). Children 16 years and older with TPR, but with a goal of emancipation have been excluded from the waiting children and TPR populations.Back

E. Children Adopted (AFCARS Annual Adoption Database)

Age of Adopted Children (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Under 1 Year	1	0.6	0.9	1
1-5 years	43.6	40.3	43	41.5
6-10 years	38.2	38.5	33.4	34.7
11-15 years	14.9	18	19.4	20
16+ years	2.3	2.5	3.3	2.9
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	1,454	1,712	1,564	2,020

Race/Ethnicity of Adopted Children (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Alaska Native/American Indian	0	0	0.1	0.3
Asian	N/A	0.2	0.6	0.4
Asian/Pacific Islander	0	N/A	N/A	N/A
Black	57.4	55.6	45.7	53.1
Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander	N/A	--	--	--
Hispanic	4.7	6.5	9.1	7.5
White	36.5	37	44.1	38
Two or more races	N/A	--	0.2	0.3
Unknown / Missing data	1.2	0.6	0.2	0.3
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	1,454	1,712	1,564	2,020

Pennsylvania [ Outcomes Data ]

1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)

1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Children without a recurrence	97.5	96.5	97.2	97.1
Children with one or more recurrences	2.5	3.5	2.8	2.9
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	2,522	2,606	2,421	2,492

Graph of the Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months

2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS, AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database Jan-Sept)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Children maltreated while in foster care	--	0.2	0.2	0.4
Children not maltreated while in foster care	--	99.8	99.8	99.7
Total %	--	100	100	100
Number	--	30,739	30,568	30,735

Graph of the Occurance of Maltreatment in Foster Care

3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database: Fiscal Year Data)

3.1 Exits from Foster Care (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Adoption	12.4	13.9	14.9	16.3
Guardianship	1	1.1	1.3	1.2
Reunification	71.2	70.8	67.8	68.5
Other	15	14	15.8	13.8
Missing data	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	12,419	11,926	11,730	12,031

Percent Exits from Foster Care
1999	2000	2001	2002

3.2 Exits of Disabled Children (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Adoption	16.7	19.4	20.5	21.9
Guardianship	1.3	1.8	1.6	1.5
Reunification	60.3	58.7	54.8	54
Other	21.6	20	23	22.4
Missing data	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	2,526	2,396	2,317	2,430

3.3 Exits of Children Over Age 12 at Entry (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Adoption	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.5
Guardianship	1	0.9	1.3	1.1
Reunification	77	77.6	74.1	77.8
Other	21.3	20.6	23.9	20.5
Missing data	0.5	0.3	0.2	0.2
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	5,761	5,295	5,251	5,520

3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%)	1999	2000	2001	2002
Children age 12 or younger at entry	30.6	31.5	32.9	32.8
Children older than 12 at entry	68.9	68.5	67.1	67.2
Missing data	0.4	--	--	--
Total %	100	100	100	100
Number	702	688	680	740

3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)	Alaska Native/A.I.				Asian				Asian/Pacific Islander				Black				Native Hawaiian/ Other P.I.
	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002
Adoption	--	12.5	18.2	25	N/A	6.6	15.1	11.7	3.3	N/A	N/A	N/A	16.4	17.1	17.3	21.2	N/A	--	--	--
Guardianship	--	12.5	--	--	N/A	--	4.1	--	--	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.1	1.4	1.7	1.2	N/A	--	--	--
Reunification	87.5	75	63.6	70	N/A	68.9	60.3	66.7	25	N/A	N/A	N/A	17.9	16.7	20.3	17.7	N/A	--	--	--
Other	12.5	--	18.2	5	N/A	24.6	20.5	21.7	--	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.1	N/A	--	--	--
Missing data	--	--	--	--	N/A	--	--	--	N/A	--	--	--
Total %	100	100	100	100	N/A	100	100	100	100	N/A	N/A	N/A	100	100	100	100	N/A	--	--	--
Number	16	8	11	20	N/A	61	73	60	92	N/A	N/A	N/A	5,296	5,116	4,839	4,862	N/A	--	--	--

	Hispanic				White				Unable to Determine				Two or More Races				Missing Data
	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002	1999	2000	2001	2002
Adoption	10	13.8	13.9	11.9	9.5	11.1	13.2	13.1	13.3	14.5	6	10	N/A	--	20	33.3	--	--	--	--
Guardianship	1.2	1	0.9	0.5	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.3	2.2	--	--	1.4	N/A	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Reunification	68.9	68.3	64	72	78.2	76.8	74.4	75.1	77.8	73.7	85.1	77.1	N/A	100	80	66.7	--	--	--	--
Other	19.5	16.7	20.2	15.4	11.2	11.1	11.3	10.3	6.7	10.5	9	11.4	N/A	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Missing data	0.4	0.2	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	--	1.3	--	--	N/A	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Total %	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	N/A	100	100	100	--	--	--	--
Number	1,302	978	1,076	1,129	5,668	5,686	5,649	5,875	45	76	67	70	N/A	1	15	15	--	--	--

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

General Population(Census Bureau)

1999

2000

2001

2002

Total children under 18 years

2,852,520

2,896,337

2,880,499

2,863,452

Race/ethnicity (%)1, 2

% Child population in poverty

13

10.6

14

13.6

Child Welfare Summary

1999

2000

2002

2002

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

Number

Rate

Maltreatment Information Overview

1999

2000

2001

2002

1999

2000

2001

2002

Age of Child Victims (%)

1999

2000

2001

2002

Number

5,076

5,002

4,784

5,057

Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%)

1999

2000

2001

2002

Number

5,076

5,002

4,784

5,057

Maltreatment Type of Child Victims (%)

1999

2000

2001

2002

Number

5,076

5,002

4,784

5,057

C. Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Number of Children

In Care on 10/1

Entered Care

Exited Care

In Care on 9/30

Total Served

Median Length of Stay (Months)

Age of Children in Foster Care (%)

In Care On: 10/1/98

In Care On: 10/1/99

In Care On: 10/1/00

In Care On: 10/1/01

Entered Care During FY: 1999

General Population
(Census Bureau)

Race/ethnicity (%)1 , 2