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Home > Statistics & Research > Child Welfare Outcomes 2002 > Chapter Six > Vermont

Vermont

Context Data | Outcomes Data | State Comment | Federal Comment

Vermont [ Context Data ]

A. Key Context Statistics

General Population (Census Bureau) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Total children under 18 years 139,346 143,707 141,415 139,662 Race/ethnicity (%)1, 2         Alaska Native/American Indian 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 Asian N/A 1 1.1 1.2 Asian/Pacific Islander 1 N/A N/A N/A Black 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A N/A 0 0 Hispanic 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.2 White 97.3 94.7 94.6 94.5 Two or more races N/A 1.8 1.8 1.8 Other N/A 0.2 0 0 % Child population in poverty 12 18.1 12.2 12.2 Child Welfare Summary 1999 2000 2002 2002 Child maltreatment victims3 1,080 1,347 1,139 1,447 Children in foster care on 9/30 1,445 1,389 1,382 1,526 Children adopted 139 117 116 153

1The convention for the data tables is the following: N/A in the data table means that the category was not applicable for the specific year. A dash (-) means that there is "no value" or the category is a true zero (that is, no children were reported as being in that category). A zero (0) means that there is a value for the category, but the value is less than 0.1 percent.Back

2The multiple and overlapping race categories in this and subsequent race tables are due to changes in the Census Bureau categories beginning in 2000. Because the reporting of these categories is a relatively new process for States, changes in percentages over time may be due to data quality issues.Back

3A child victim is a child who is the subject of a substantiated or indicated maltreatment report. Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once.Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (NCANDS)

Number Rate Maltreatment Information Overview 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment 2,453 3,609 3,558 4,000 17.6 per 1,000 25.1 per 1,000 25.2 per 1,000 28.6 per 1,000 Child maltreatment victims 1,080 1,347 1,139 1,447 7.8 per 1,000 9.4 per 1,000 8.1 per 1,000 10.4 per 1,000 Child fatalities 4 1 0 0 2.9 per 100,000 0.7 per 100,000 0.0 per 100,000 0.0 per 100,000

Age of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 4.2 5 6.8 6.2 1-5 years 25.1 22.4 25.8 25.3 6-10 years 31.6 29.9 30 29 11-15 years 29 34.7 29.7 32.3 16+ years 10.1 7.9 7.6 7.2 Unknown / Missing data 0.1 -- 0.1 -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,080 1,347 1,139 1,447 Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 Asian/Pacific Islander 0.6 1.4 0.8 0.2 Black 0.6 1.6 0.7 0.6 Hispanic 0.6 0.4 -- 0.7 White 97.9 95.8 97.5 95.4 Two or more races 0.7 -- -- -- Total %4 100.6 100 100 100 Number 1,080 1,347 1,139 1,447 Maltreatment Type of Child Victims (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Emotional Abuse 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.5 Medical Neglect 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.8 Neglect 43.7 38.2 41.9 6.2 Physical Abuse 22 22.1 20.5 51.8 Sexual Abuse 40.4 40.8 37.8 43.4 Unknown / Missing data 0 -- -- -- Other 0 -- -- -- Total %5 108.9 104.2 103.6 104.7 Number 1,080 1,347 1,139 1,447

4Percentages may total more than 100 percent because Hispanics may be counted both by Hispanic ethnicity and by race.Back

5Percentages may total more than 100 percent because children could have been victims of more than one type of maltreatment.Back

C. Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

Number of Children In Care on 10/1 Entered Care Exited Care In Care on 9/30 Total Served FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99) 1,417 750 722 1,445 2,167 FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00) 1,301 735 704 1,389 2,036 FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01) 1,220 727 580 1,382 1,947 FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02) 1,351 832 657 1,526 2,183 Median Length of Stay (Months)   FY1999 (10/1/98 - 9/30/99) 20.5 N/A 16 19.9 N/A FY2000 (10/1/99 - 9/30/00) 19.8 N/A 15.1 18.1 N/A FY2001 (10/1/00 - 9/30/01) 19.2 N/A 13.2 18.4 N/A FY2002 (10/1/01 - 9/30/02) 20 N/A 18.5 16.2 N/A Age of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care On: 10/1/98 In Care On: 10/1/99 In Care On: 10/1/00 In Care On: 10/1/01 Entered Care During FY: 1999 Entered Care During FY: 2000 Entered Care During FY: 2001 Entered Care During FY: 2002 Exited Care During FY: 1999 Exited Care During FY: 2000 Exited Care During FY:2001 Exited Care During FY: 2002 In Care On: 9/30/99 In Care On: 9/30/00 In Care On: 9/30/01 In Care On: 9/30/02 Under 1 Year 2.1 2.3 1.4 2.6 7.2 7.8 8.8 8.1 2.1 2.4 2.1 1.8 2.3 2.2 3 2.8 1-5 years 13.1 12.8 14.1 14.4 14.5 17.1 16 18.3 16.2 14.8 16.2 16.3 12.4 14.3 13.3 16.4 6-10 years 16.6 15.5 15.5 16.1 16.3 15.1 14.9 15.7 14.8 13.1 14.1 12.6 15.4 15.5 15.6 16 11-15 years 39.6 42.7 40.8 36.9 49.9 48.2 45 43.5 27.3 27.6 30.9 27.7 42.2 40.3 37.3 34.9 16-18 years 28.5 26.7 28.1 30 12.1 11.8 15.4 14.4 37.5 41.2 35.2 40.5 27.6 27.6 30.2 29.4 19+ years 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.1 1 1.4 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.5 Unknown / Missing data -- -- 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.2 -- -- -- -- 0.1 Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 1,417 1,301 1,220 1,351 750 735 727 832 722 704 580 657 1,445 1,389 1,382 1,526 Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%) In Care On: 10/1/98 In Care On: 10/1/99 In Care On: 10/1/00 In Care On: 10/1/01 Entered Care During FY: 1999 Entered Care During FY: 2000 Entered Care During FY: 2001 Entered Care During FY: 2002 Exited Care During FY: 1999 Exited Care During FY: 2000 Exited Care During FY:2001 Exited Care During FY: 2002 In Care On: 9/30/99 In Care On: 9/30/00 In Care On: 9/30/01 In Care On: 9/30/02 Alaska Native/American Indian 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 -- 0.1 -- 0.1 -- 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.1 Asian N/A 0.4 0.3 0.4 N/A 0.7 0.7 -- N/A 0.9 0.7 0.2 N/A 0.3 0.4 0.3 Asian/Pacific Islander 0.1 N/A N/A N/A 0.8 N/A N/A N/A 0.4 N/A N/A N/A 0.3 N/A N/A N/A Black 2.2 1.5 1.3 2.1 1.3 3 3.6 1.2 2.4 2.6 2.9 2.1 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.6 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A -- 0 0.1 N/A 0.3 -- -- N/A -- -- -- N/A 0.1 0 0.1 Hispanic 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 -- 1.3 0.4 0.6 -- 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.9 White 96.3 96.8 97 96.6 97.1 95 95.5 96.3 96 95.2 95.9 96.2 96.8 96.6 96.7 96.6 Two or more races N/A -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- Unknown / Missing data 0.6 0.3 0.4 0 0.3 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Number 1,417 1,301 1,220 1,351 750 735 727 832 722 704 580 657 1,445 1,389 1,382 1,526

D. Children Waiting to be Adopted (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)6

Overview 9/30/99 9/30/00 9/30/01 9/30/02 Children waiting to be adopted 403 507 307 541 Children whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR) 351 488 249 514 Age of Waiting Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 3.7 4.9 2.6 6.1 1-5 years 28.3 30.2 22.5 33.6 6-10 years 29.3 28.4 27.7 25.1 11-15 years 32 30.2 39.1 25.5 16+ years 6.2 5.3 7.2 7.9 Unknown / Missing data 0.5 1 1 1.7 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 403 507 307 541 Race/Ethnicity of Waiting Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 Asian N/A -- -- -- Asian/Pacific Islander -- N/A N/A N/A Black 2 1.8 2 1.7 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A 0.2 -- 0.2 Hispanic 1.2 0.6 0.7 1.5 White 95.8 97.2 96.1 96.3 Two or more races N/A -- -- -- Unknown / Missing data 0.7 -- 1 0.2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 403 507 307 541

6Waiting children are children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents' rights have been terminated (TPR). Children 16 years and older with TPR, but with a goal of emancipation have been excluded from the waiting children and TPR populations.Back

E. Children Adopted (AFCARS Annual Adoption Database)

Age of Adopted Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Under 1 Year 0.7 0.9 2.6 5.9 1-5 years 43.2 48.7 40.5 42.5 6-10 years 38.8 30.8 33.6 29.4 11-15 years 15.8 18.8 21.6 19 16+ years 1.4 0.9 1.7 3.3 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 139 117 116 153 Race/Ethnicity of Adopted Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Alaska Native/American Indian -- -- -- -- Asian N/A 0.9 -- -- Asian/Pacific Islander -- N/A N/A N/A Black 4.3 3.4 -- 5.9 Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander N/A -- -- -- Hispanic -- 2.6 -- -- White 95.7 92.3 94.8 93.5 Two or more races N/A 0.9 3.4 0.7 Unknown / Missing data -- -- 1.7 -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 139 117 116 153

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Vermont [ Outcomes Data ]

1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)

1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children without a recurrence 93.4 92.1 93.1 94.5 Children with one or more recurrences 6.6 7.9 6.9 5.5 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 547 658 563 668

2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS, AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database Jan-Sept)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children maltreated while in foster care 0.2 0.6 0.3 0 Children not maltreated while in foster care 99.8 99.4 99.7 99.9 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 1,832 1,903 1,806 2,000

3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

3.1 Exits from Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 17.2 14.6 14.7 20.5 Guardianship 0.8 1.8 -- 2.1 Reunification 60.4 62.9 71.4 62.9 Other 12.3 15.8 10.9 14.3 Missing data 9.3 4.8 3.1 0.2 Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 722 704 580 657 Percent Exits from Foster Care 1999 2000 2001 2002   3.2 Exits of Disabled Children (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption 5.9 13.6 17.6 10 Guardianship -- 4.5 -- 5 Reunification 35.3 40.9 52.9 65 Other 41.2 36.4 17.6 20 Missing data 17.6 4.5 11.8 -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 17 22 17 20 3.3 Exits of Children Over Age 12 at Entry (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- 0.3 -- 0.9 Guardianship 0.5 2.2 -- 2.9 Reunification 67.6 68.7 82.7 74.7 Other 17.9 21.3 12.7 21.5 Missing data 14 7.5 4.6 -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 364 319 284 340 3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children age 12 or younger at entry 28.1 28.6 30.8 21.3 Children older than 12 at entry 71.9 60 61.5 78.7 Missing data -- 11.4 7.7 -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 57 105 52 89

3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%) Alaska Native/A.I. Asian Asian/Pacific Islander Black Native Hawaiian/ Other P.I.   1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- -- N/A N/A N/A 23.5 16.7 -- 21.4 N/A -- -- -- Guardianship -- -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- -- N/A N/A N/A -- 5.6 -- -- N/A -- -- -- Reunification -- -- -- 100 N/A 83.3 100 100 -- N/A N/A N/A 5.9 11.1 5.9 7.1 N/A -- -- -- Other -- 100 -- -- N/A 16.7 -- -- -- N/A N/A N/A -- 5.6 -- -- N/A -- -- -- Missing data -- -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- Total % -- 100 -- 100 N/A 100 100 100 100 N/A N/A N/A 100 100 100 100 N/A -- -- -- Number -- 1 -- 2 N/A 6 4 1 3 N/A N/A N/A 17 18 17 14 N/A -- -- --     Hispanic White Unable to Determine Two or More Races Missing Data   1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 1999 2000 2001 2002 Adoption -- 75 -- -- 17.3 14.2 15.3 20.9 -- 25 -- -- N/A -- -- -- -- 100 -- -- Guardianship -- -- -- -- 0.9 1.8 -- 2.2 -- -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Reunification 66.7 -- -- 33.3 59.6 63.4 70.3 62.3 100 50 100 100 N/A -- -- -- -- -- 100 100 Other 33.3 -- -- 66.7 12.6 15.8 11.2 14.4 -- 25 -- -- N/A -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Missing data -- 25 -- -- 9.7 4.8 3.2 0.2 -- -- -- -- N/A -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 -- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 N/A -- -- -- -- 100 100 100 Number 3 4 -- 3 693 670 556 632 6 4 2 1 N/A -- -- -- -- 1 1 4

4. Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Re-entry (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

4.1 Time to Reunification (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 12 mos. 64.9 62.5 62.6 60.8 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 16.7 16 18.1 17.9 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 7.3 5.6 9.2 10.9 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 5 2.5 4.3 3.9 48 or more mos. 6 5.2 3.9 6.5 Missing data -- 8.1 1.9 -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 436 443 414 413 4.2 Children Who Entered Foster Care (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Children entering care for the first time 82.9 79.9 77.9 81.9 Children re-entering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode 8 10.7 12.8 10.2 Children re-entering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode 9.1 9.4 9.4 7.9 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 750 735 727 832

5. Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database:  Fiscal Year Data)

5.1 Time to Adoption (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Less than 12 mos. 4.8 1 -- 0.7 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 17.7 15.5 16.5 22.2 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 30.6 31.1 35.3 46.7 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 16.1 24.3 22.4 14.8 48 or more mos. 30.6 20.4 22.4 15.6 Missing data -- 7.8 3.5 -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 124 103 85 135

6. Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

6.1 Number of Placements by Time in Care (%) Year Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Children With 2 or Fewer Placements Missing Data Total % Number Less than 12 mos. 1999 70 30 -- 100 839 2000 58.9 41.1 -- 100 798 2001 68.9 31 0.1 100 785 2002 63.9 36.1 -- 100 904 At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 1999 35.8 64.2 -- 100 433 2000 34.5 65.5 -- 100 440 2001 35.8 64.2 -- 100 402 2002 40.1 59.9 -- 100 414 At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 1999 30.3 69.7 -- 100 297 2000 27.2 72.8 -- 100 287 2001 29.8 70.2 -- 100 295 2002 29.5 70.5 -- 100 342 At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 1999 27.5 72.5 -- 100 211 2000 17.2 82.8 -- 100 169 2001 14.6 85.4 -- 100 157 2002 18.3 81.7 -- 100 180 48 or more mos. 1999 13.6 86.4 -- 100 383 2000 12.1 87.9 -- 100 340 2001 12 87.7 0.3 100 308 2002 10 90 -- 100 341 Missing data 1999 100 -- -- 100 4 2000 100 -- -- 100 2 2001 -- -- -- 0 -- 2002 100 -- -- 100 2

7. Reduce Placements of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Annual Foster Care Database)

7.1 Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Group homes 9.2 3.7 5 3.9 Institutions 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.7 Other settings 89.1 95.4 94.1 95.4 Missing data -- -- -- -- Total % 100 100 100 100 Number 359 347 338 411

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Vermont [ State Comment ]

Don Mandelkorn, Director
Social Services Division
Vermont Department of Social and Rehabilitation Services
802-241-2126

The following are Vermont’s comments on the State data presented in Child Welfare Outcomes 2002: Report to Congress:

The Vermont Department of Social and Rehabilitation Services is a state-supervised child protection, child welfare and juvenile justice system. Twelve local offices investigate report of child abuse and neglect. We investigate reports of sexual abuse by out-of-home perpetrators, resulting in a high percentage of substantiated abuse that is sexual abuse. Vermont has also seen a substantial increase in substantiated child abuse in the last several years due to an expanded role with parents whose use of drugs are putting children at risk of harm.

The Department is responsible for about 1600 children in custody for abuse and neglect (63 percent of children in custody), delinquency (22 percent), or because they are beyond parental control (15 percent). In addition, social work staff members supervise about 300 youth on juvenile probation.

Children can “exit” one part of our system as an abused child and “re- enter” as a delinquent child, making our rate of re-entry appear quite high. About 65 percent of children in custody are age 12 and older. This reality has substantial impact on placement stability, length of stay and permanency outcomes.

Some explanation of the Vermont data presented in this volume is in order:

• In Section B, Child Maltreatment, the change in type of abuse is due to clarification by NCANDS staff that we should include Risk of Physical Harm in physical abuse and Risk of Sexual Abuse in Sexual Abuse. These were formerly included in Neglect.
  


• The 2000 data for Outcome 6, Increase Placement Stability, is incorrect. Vermont has since re-submitted its AFCARS me. The correct figure for children in care for less than 12 months who have two or fewer placements is 58.9 percent.
  
  

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Vermont [ Federal Comment ]

The following discussion focuses on Vermont’s performance with regard to each of the outcomes assessed in the Child Welfare Outcomes Annual Reports to Congress. The Vermont Child and Family Services Review (CFSR) was completed in fiscal year (FY) 2001, and compliance with the national standards was based on data from 1999. The final report for that review is available from the Child Welfare Monitoring Documents Library. A discussion of the implications of CFSR findings for Vermont’s performance on the Report to Congress Outcomes is provided in Child Welfare Outcomes 2000.

The Federal Comment includes an examination of State performance in 2002 and the percent change in performance from 1999 to 2002. A difference in percent change from 1999 to 2002 that was less than 5.0 in either direction was considered to represent “no change in performance.” With the exception of outcome measure 2.1, the data presented in the Report to Congress are rounded to one decimal. However, the percent change in performance was calculated using data rounded to two decimals. Measure 2.1 is rounded to two decimals because the national standard is less than one percent. Key findings of the analyses of national data pertaining to State variation in performance on the outcome measures are incorporated into a State’s Federal Comment when relevant.

Outcome 1. Reduce recurrence of child abuse and/or neglect
In calendar year (CY) 2002, Vermont’s rate of maltreatment recurrence within 6 months was 5.5 percent, which is less than the national standard (6.1 percent or less) and the national median (7.5 percent). Performance on this measure improved from 1999 to 2002 (-16.7 percent change).

Outcome 2. Reduce the incidence of child abuse and/or neglect in foster care
In CY 2002, Vermont’s incidence of maltreatment in foster care was 0.05 percent. Vermont’s performance with regard to this outcome is excellent. Only one child was reported as maltreated in foster care in 2002, and only three children were reported to be maltreated in foster care in 1999.

Outcome 3. Increase permanency for children in foster care
In FY 2002, 85.5 percent of children exiting foster care in Vermont were discharged to a permanent home (which is less than the national median of 86.1 percent). Additionally, 80.0 percent of children with a diagnosed disability who exited foster care were discharged to a permanent home (which is more than the national median of 79.8 percent); 78.5 percent of children exiting foster care who were older than age 12 at entry into foster care exited to a permanent home (which is more than the national median of 72.0 percent); and 21.3 percent of the children emancipated from foster care were age 12 or younger at the time of entry into foster care (which is less than the national median of 26.9 percent). Vermont’s performance improved from FY 1999 to FY 2002 on all measures relevant to outcome 3.

Outcome 4. Reduce time to reunification without increasing re-entry
In FY 2002, the percentage of all reunifications in Vermont occurring within 12 months of a child’s entry into foster care was 60.8, which is less than the national standard (76.2 percent or more) and the national median of 68.0 percent. Performance with regard to reunifications within 12 months declined slightly from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (-6.4 percent change).

In FY 2002, the percentage of children entering foster care who were re-entering within 12 months of a prior foster care episode was 10.2, which is more than both the national standard of 8.6 percent or less and the national median of 9.9 percent. Performance on this measure declined from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (+27.7 percent change).

Outcome 5. Reduce time in foster care to adoption
In FY 2002, the percentage of all finalized adoptions occurring within 24 months of a child’s entry into foster care was 23.0, which does not meet the national standard of 32.0 percent or more, but is equal to the national median of 23.0 percent. Change in performance on this measure is assessed from FY 2000 to FY 2002 due to data quality issues for many States for this measure in FY 1999. Vermont’s performance on this measure improved from FY 2000 to FY 2002 (+39.1 percent change).

Outcome 6. Increase placement stability
In FY 2002, the percentage of children who experienced no more than 2 placement settings during their first 12 months in foster care was 63.9, which is less than both the national standard of 86.7 percent or more and the national median of 84.1 percent. Vermont’s performance on this measure declined from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (-8.6 percent change).

Outcome 7. Reduce placements of young children in group homes and institutions
In FY 2002, the percentage of children age 12 or younger placed in a group home or institution was 4.6, which is less than the national median of 8.6 percent. Vermont’s performance on this measure improved considerably from FY 1999 to FY 2002 (-57.4 percent change).

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