Oklahoma
Context Data | Outcomes Data | State Comment | Federal Comment
Oklahoma [ Context Data ]
A. Context Statistics
| General Child Population (Census Bureau) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total children under 18 years | 889,331 | 878,382 | 879,854 | 878,243 |
| Race/Ethnicity (%)1 | ||||
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 10.6 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 9.7 |
| Asian | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.2 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | <.1 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8.0 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 64.6 | 65.2 | 66.3 | 66.2 |
| Two or more races | 6.2 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.5 |
| % Child population in poverty | 23.7 | 21.4 | 19.3 | 17.0 |
| Child Welfare Summary | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child maltreatment victims2 | 13,861 | 13,698 | 13,721 | 12,529 |
| Children in foster care on 9/30 | 8,406 | 8,674 | 8,812 | 9,226 |
| Children adopted | 1,096 | 959 | 1,014 | 1,152 |
B. Child Maltreatment Data [National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS)]
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overview Maltreatment Information | Number | Rate | Number | Rate | Number | Rate | Number | Rate |
| Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment | 59,955 | 67.4 per 1,000 | 63,520 | 72.3 per 1,000 | 68,971 | 78.4 per 1,000 | 63,935 | 72.8 per 1,000 |
| Total child maltreatment victims3 | 13,861 | 15.6 per 1,000 | 13,698 | 15.6 per 1,000 | 13,721 | 15.6 per 1,000 | 12,529 | 14.3 per 1,000 |
| Child fatalities | 48 | 5.1 per 100,000 | 33 | 3.8 per 100,000 | 23 | 2.6 per 100,000 | 29 | 3.3 per 100,000 |
1 Race/ethnicity data for 2001, 2002, and 2003 represent population estimates. Back
2 A child victim is defined as a child who is the subject of a substantiated or indicated maltreatment report. Back
3 Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once. Back
| Age of Child Victims (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 year | 11.2 | 11.7 | 12.5 | 12.9 |
| 1-5 years | 32.6 | 32.7 | 33.9 | 35.6 |
| 6-10 years | 28.7 | 28.2 | 26.6 | 25.4 |
| 11-15 years | 21.7 | 22.6 | 22.8 | 21.8 |
| 16+ years | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.2 |
| Unknown | 1.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Number | 13,861 | 13,698 | 13,721 | 12,529 |
| Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%)4 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 12.7 | 13.6 | 15.0 | 15.5 |
| Asian | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.3 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 12.9 | 13.8 | 13.4 | 12.8 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.4 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 6.2 | 7.3 | 9.0 | 9.6 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 63.0 | 61.2 | 59.0 | 57.9 |
| Two or more races | 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.9 |
| Unknown | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
| Number | 13,861 | 13,698 | 13,721 | 12,529 |
| Maltreatment Types of Child Victims (%)5 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emotional abuse | 11.2 | 8.4 | 4.7 | 4.4 |
| Medical neglect | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.6 |
| Neglect | 80.0 | 83.4 | 85.9 | 86.5 |
| Physical abuse | 19.9 | 20.0 | 20.5 | 18.8 |
| Sexual abuse | 7.8 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.4 |
| Unknown/missing data | 1.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Other | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 13,861 | 13,698 | 13,721 | 12,529 |
4 Percentages may total more than 100 because Hispanics may be counted by Hispanic ethnicity and race. Back
5 Percentages may total more than 100 because children can be victims of more than one type of maltreatment. Back
C. Characteristics of Children in Foster Care [Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS): Foster Care File]
| In Foster Care on 10/1 FY | Entered Foster Care in FY | Exited Foster Care in FY | In Foster Care on 9/30 FY | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Total Number | 7,204 | 8,051 | 8,217 | 8,307 | 6,558 | 6,487 | 6,923 | 6,668 | 5,364 | 5,864 | 6,328 | 5,749 | 8,406 | 8,674 | 8,812 | 9,226 |
| Median length of stay (months) | 13.4 | 15.5 | 15.1 | 14.8 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 7.6 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 11.9 | 14.8 | 14.5 | 13.5 |
| In Foster Care on 10/1 FY | Entered Foster Care in FY | Exited Foster Care in FY | In Foster Care on 9/30 FY | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
| <1 year | 4.2 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 11.5 | 14.3 | 14.7 | 14.9 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 6.0 |
| 1 year | 5.5 | 6.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 6.5 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 8.3 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 8.2 | 5.9 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 6.9 |
| 2 years | 5.2 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 6.1 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 6.1 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 8.2 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 7.1 |
| 3 years | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 5.0 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 5.6 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 7.0 |
| 4 years | 4.9 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.2 |
| 5 years | 4.9 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.7 |
| 6 years | 5.6 | 5.5 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 5.3 |
| 7 years | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 4.4 | 4.8 |
| 8 years | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.4 |
| 9 years | 4.9 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 4.7 |
| 10 years | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 4.8 |
| 11 years | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 3.6 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 4.7 |
| 12 years | 4.6 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.3 |
| 13 years | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.3 |
| 14 years | 6.0 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.4 |
| 15 years | 7.0 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 6.7 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 5.5 |
| 16 years | 7.8 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 8.1 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 8.1 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 7.3 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.0 |
| 17 years | 6.8 | 5.5 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 6.8 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 10.4 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| 18 years | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 | <.1 | <.1 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| 19 years | 0.1 | <.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | <.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | <.1 | 0.0 |
| 20 years | <.1 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | <.1 | <.1 |
| In Foster Care on 10/1 FY | Entered Foster Care in FY | Exited Foster Care in FY | In Foster Care on 9/30 FY | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 12.0 | 12.6 | 13.6 | 13.1 | 18.4 | 13.7 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.6 | 16.4 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 12.6 |
| Asian | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | <.1 | 0.1 | <.1 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 21.6 | 20.4 | 18.9 | 18.4 | 17.3 | 15.5 | 14.7 | 14.6 | 19.7 | 16.7 | 15.1 | 16.4 | 19.5 | 19.3 | 18.4 | 17.0 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.1 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 7.5 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 7.4 | 8.6 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 7.7 | 8.8 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 51.0 | 49.0 | 48.7 | 47.0 | 50.0 | 51.5 | 49.1 | 48.3 | 52.5 | 51.7 | 50.8 | 49.5 | 49.3 | 49.0 | 47.5 | 46.4 |
| Two or more races | 10.2 | 12.4 | 12.7 | 13.1 | 6.9 | 10.8 | 13.4 | 14.7 | 7.7 | 10.6 | 13.3 | 12.3 | 9.2 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 14.8 |
| Unknown | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
D. Characteristics of Children "Waiting for Adoption"6 (AFCARS: Foster Care File)
| Waiting for Adoption | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total waiting children | 1,766 | 2,390 | 2,435 | 2,570 |
| Numbers of waiting children whose parents' rights have been terminated | 17 | 0 | 0 | 1,497 |
| Age (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 year | 2.4 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.3 |
| 1 year | 4.9 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 5.3 |
| 2 years | 6.4 | 6.7 | 8.5 | 7.1 |
| 3 years | 6.0 | 5.9 | 7.1 | 7.1 |
| 4 years | 6.2 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 6.7 |
| 5 years | 5.8 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 5.8 |
| 6 years | 6.5 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 6.1 |
| 7 years | 6.8 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 5.3 |
| 8 years | 7.1 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 4.6 |
| 9 years | 6.0 | 7.1 | 6.2 | 5.6 |
| 10 years | 6.7 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.6 |
| 11 years | 7.5 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.0 |
| 12 years | 6.9 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.3 |
| 13 years | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.3 | 6.4 |
| 14 years | 5.3 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 6.0 |
| 15 years | 5.8 | 4.6 | 3.5 | 5.6 |
| 16 years | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 4.4 |
| 17 years | 0.7 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 3.4 |
| 18 years | 0.5 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.2 |
| 19 years | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 20+ years | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | — | — | — | — |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 11.4 | 10.8 | 8.9 | 11.6 |
| Asian | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 25.3 | 24.9 | 23.4 | 22.3 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 3.7 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 6.7 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 47.2 | 45.8 | 48.0 | 46.7 |
| Two or more races | 11.8 | 13.5 | 13.1 | 12.6 |
| Unknown | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | <.1 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
6 There is no Federal definition for a child waiting to be adopted. The definition used in the table above includes children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parental rights have been terminated. It excludes children 16 years old and older whose parental rights have been terminated and who have a goal of emancipation. A State's own definition may differ from that used here. Furthermore, some numbers in this table may be lower than the numbers reported in the prior Child Welfare Outcomes reports. Only children with terminations prior to the end of the fiscal year of interest are included in the current table. Back
E. Characteristics of Children Adopted (AFCARS: Adoption File)
| Adoptions | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total children adopted | 1,096 | 959 | 1,014 | 1,152 |
| Age (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 year | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 1 year | 5.7 | 5.2 | 8.9 | 9.1 |
| 2 years | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 9.8 |
| 3 years | 8.7 | 9.3 | 10.0 | 11.4 |
| 4 years | 7.9 | 7.4 | 8.4 | 9.8 |
| 5 years | 8.1 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 9.3 |
| 6 years | 7.9 | 8.0 | 6.7 | 7.5 |
| 7 years | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 6.0 |
| 8 years | 6.1 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 5.6 |
| 9 years | 7.8 | 7.2 | 6.0 | 6.2 |
| 10 years | 6.6 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 4.7 |
| 11 years | 5.5 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 4.3 |
| 12 years | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 4.2 |
| 13 years | 3.4 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 3.3 |
| 14 years | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.4 |
| 15 years | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 |
| 16 years | 2.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.0 |
| 17 years | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 1.0 |
| 18 years | 0.0 | 0.1 | <.1 | 0.0 |
| 19 years | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 20+ years | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | — | — | — | — |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 12.8 | 11.3 | 11.6 | 10.7 |
| Asian | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 24.6 | 18.4 | 19.3 | 18.7 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.3 | 0.5 | <.1 | 0.5 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 6.6 | 5.1 | 3.6 | 4.1 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 50.2 | 57.6 | 53.1 | 53.5 |
| Two or more races | 4.7 | 6.7 | 11.8 | 12.4 |
| Unknown | 0.3 | 0.1 | <.1 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Oklahoma [ Outcomes Data ]
1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)
| 1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children without a recurrence | 88.3 | 90.2 | 90.4 | 90.4 |
| Children with one or more recurrences | 11.7 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.6 |
| Number | 6,287 | 6,249 | 6,495 | 5,609 |
2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS and AFCARS: Foster Care File, Jan.-Sept.)
| 2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children maltreated while in foster care | 1.27 | 1.40 | 1.62 | 0.88 |
| Children not maltreated while in foster care | 98.73 | 98.60 | 98.38 | 99.12 |
| Number | 12,478 | 13,141 | 13,713 | 13,544 |
3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS: Foster Care File)
| 3.1 Exits of Children from Foster Care (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adoption | 19.7 | 16.4 | 16.6 | 20.5 |
| Guardianship | 2.3 | 4.6 | 5.8 | 7.5 |
| Reunification | 71.0 | 69.9 | 68.9 | 63.6 |
| Other | 6.9 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 8.2 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.1 | <.1 |
| Number | 5,364 | 5,864 | 6,328 | 5,749 |
| 3.2 Exits of Children with a Diagnosed Disability (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adoption | 42.0 | 26.8 | 27.3 | 29.4 |
| Guardianship | 2.4 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 5.1 |
| Reunification | 43.4 | 47.0 | 47.6 | 45.7 |
| Other | 12.2 | 21.2 | 19.9 | 19.5 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Number | 655 | 836 | 916 | 785 |
| 3.3 Exits of Children Older than Age 12 at Entry into Foster Care (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adoption | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.4 |
| Guardianship | 0.9 | 3.4 | 5.4 | 6.1 |
| Reunification | 82.2 | 72.0 | 65.1 | 66.7 |
| Other | 15.7 | 21.7 | 27.0 | 24.6 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
| Number | 1,794 | 1,205 | 1,117 | 958 |
| 3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children age 12 or younger at entry | — | 33.6 | 28.8 | 37.5 |
| Children older than 12 at entry | — | 66.4 | 71.2 | 62.5 |
| Missing data | — | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | — | 280 | 340 | 283 |
| 3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%) | Alaska Native/Am. In. | Asian | Black (non-Hispanic) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Adoption | 10.0 | 11.1 | 15.7 | 16.3 | 0.0 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 22.3 | 16.9 | 18.3 | 21.7 |
| Guardianship | 1.5 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 1.8 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.5 |
| Reunification | 79.7 | 69.7 | 63.4 | 59.8 | 100.0 | 88.5 | 100.0 | 82.4 | 69.3 | 68.3 | 67.6 | 64.4 |
| Other | 8.9 | 14.0 | 16.9 | 18.0 | 0.0 | 7.7 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.2 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Number | 688 | 758 | 811 | 724 | 10 | 26 | 17 | 17 | 1,055 | 981 | 957 | 941 |
| |
||||||||||||
| Native Hawaiian/Other Pac. Is. | Hispanic (of any race) | White (non-Hispanic) | ||||||||||
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Adoption | 0.0 | 0.0 | 16.7 | 0.0 | 21.5 | 14.8 | 9.9 | 16.1 | 19.4 | 17.5 | 17.3 | 21.4 |
| Guardianship | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 2.7 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 8.5 |
| Reunification | 57.1 | 94.7 | 66.7 | 100.0 | 70.1 | 79.4 | 76.8 | 71.3 | 70.9 | 69.3 | 69.2 | 63.6 |
| Other | 42.9 | 5.3 | 16.7 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 4.3 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 6.4 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.2 | <.1 |
| Number | 7 | 19 | 6 | 9 | 354 | 399 | 466 | 492 | 2,814 | 3,030 | 3,214 | 2,844 |
| |
||||||||||||
| Unable to Determine | Two or more Races | Missing Data | ||||||||||
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Adoption | 24.0 | 17.9 | 12.5 | 23.5 | 30.2 | 18.8 | 16.8 | 23.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Guardianship | 4.0 | 3.6 | 12.5 | 5.9 | 2.2 | 5.0 | 5.9 | 8.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Reunification | 68.0 | 78.6 | 75.0 | 70.6 | 62.8 | 67.4 | 69.6 | 60.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Other | 4.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.9 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 25 | 28 | 16 | 17 | 411 | 623 | 841 | 705 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4. Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Re-entry (AFCARS Foster Care File)
| 4.1 Time to Reunification (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than 12 mos. | 80.2 | 78.6 | 80.2 | 83.1 |
| At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. | 13.5 | 14.7 | 13.5 | 12.1 |
| At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 2.8 |
| At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.2 |
| 48 or more mos. | 0.9 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| Missing data | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 3,811 | 4,097 | 4,360 | 3,658 |
| 4.2 Children Re-entering Foster Care (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children entering care for the first time | 76.0 | 78.4 | 78.0 | 75.9 |
| Children re-entering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode | 15.3 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 15.0 |
| Children re-entering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode | 6.9 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 9.0 |
| Missing data | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 |
| Number | 6,558 | 6,487 | 6,923 | 6,668 |
5. Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Foster Care File)
| 5.1 Time to Adoption (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than 12 mos. | 6.7 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 4.1 |
| At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. | 24.6 | 21.8 | 23.0 | 22.4 |
| At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. | 26.1 | 29.4 | 30.3 | 33.1 |
| At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. | 16.4 | 18.7 | 19.9 | 18.8 |
| 48 or more mos. | 25.9 | 26.4 | 23.4 | 21.6 |
| Missing data | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 1,056 | 962 | 1,049 | 1,181 |
6. Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Foster Care File)
| 6.1 Number of Placements by Time in Care (%) | In Care less than 12 Months | In Care at Least 12 Months but less than 24 Months | In Care for 24 Months or Longer | Missing Time in Care | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Children with 2 or fewer placements | 75.9 | 73.8 | 72.3 | 73.6 | 48.2 | 45.9 | 46.0 | 43.9 | 28.8 | 27.4 | 25.1 | 24.4 | 100.0 | 80.0 | 90.9 | 100.0 |
| Children with 3 or more placements | 24.1 | 24.2 | 25.7 | 24.8 | 51.8 | 53.7 | 53.7 | 55.8 | 71.2 | 72.4 | 74.8 | 75.6 | 0.0 | 20.0 | 9.1 | 0.0 |
| Number | 7,618 | 7,322 | 7,798 | 7,622 | 2,566 | 2,942 | 3,029 | 3,087 | 3,550 | 4,269 | 4,291 | 4,243 | 28 | 5 | 22 | 23 |
7. Reduce Placements of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Foster Care File)
| 7.1 Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group homes | 13.2 | 14.9 | 14.8 | 14.0 |
| Institutions | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.2 |
| Other settings | 85.4 | 83.7 | 83.6 | 84.8 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 4,182 | 5,093 | 5,492 | 5,279 |
Oklahoma [ State Comment ]
Linda Smith, Director
Children and Family Services Division
Oklahoma Department of Human Services
The following are Oklahoma's comments on the State's data presented in Child Welfare Outcomes 2003: Report to Congress.
Section D (Children Waiting to be Adopted): A relatively small percentage of children waiting for adoption have had termination of parental rights because Oklahoma's policy and practice is to change a child's goal to adoption at the earliest time after determining reunification efforts have failed. This often results in the goal becoming adoption prior to termination of parental rights. This practice has resulted in children moving more quickly to permanence.
Outcome measure 1.1 (Recurrence of Maltreatment): Oklahoma has continued to improve on this measure since FY00 and is expected to approach or exceed the national median of 7.1 in FY05.
Outcome 3 (Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care): A new procedure for documentation of Trial Reunification was implemented and has negatively impacted these measures. This new procedure requires a 6-month Trial Reunification period prior to exiting to Reunification. The negative impact of this new procedure on these measures is expected to level off in future reporting periods.
Outcome 4 (Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Re-entry): With regard to reunification, Oklahoma's procedure for documenting reunification did not allow for the 6-month period of Trial Reunification. A new procedure that allows for this documentation was implemented in July 2003 and has positively impacted this measure for FY's 2004 and 2005.
Outcome measure 6.1 (Number of Placements by Time in Care): Standing Court Orders in Oklahoma's two largest metropolitan counties require that children entering care do so through admission to OKDHS operated shelters. Additionally, policy mandates that any child under the age of 6 be placed in an Emergency Foster Care setting following admission to the shelter. This results in higher numbers of placements for metro area children in a short period of time.
Outcome 7 (Reduce Placements of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions): Oklahoma includes brief stays in shelters in the group home category of placement settings. This may account for Oklahoma's higher percentage of young children in group home settings as compared to other states.
Oklahoma [ Federal Comment ]
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT
The following is a discussion of Oklahoma's performance on the national outcomes established for the Report to Congress. The discussion focuses on the State's performance in 2003 and on change in performance over time. Change over time was determined by calculating the percent change in performance from 2000 to 2003. A percent change that was less than 5.0 in either direction (i.e., positive or negative) was considered to represent "no change in performance."
Outcome 1. Reduce recurrence of child abuse and/or neglect
In 2003, 9.6 percent of the children in Oklahoma who were victims of maltreatment during the first 6 months of the year experienced another maltreatment incident within a 6-month period (measure 1.1). Although this percent exceeds the national median of 7.1 percent, it represents an improvement in performance from 2000 (-17.9 percent change).
The relatively high percentage of children experiencing a maltreatment recurrence in 2003 corresponds to a relatively high child victim rate in the State. In 2003, the child maltreatment victim rate in Oklahoma was 14.3 child victims per 1,000 children in the State population, which exceeds the national median of 10.6 child victims per 1,000 children in the population. The 2003 rate represents a decline from the rate in 2000 of 15.6 child victims per 1,000 children in the population.
Outcome 2. Reduce the incidence of child abuse and/or neglect in foster care
In 2003, 0.88 percent of the children in foster care in Oklahoma were found to be maltreated by a foster parent or facility staff member (measure 2.1). Although this percentage exceeds the national median of 0.39 percent, it represents an improvement in performance from 2000 to 2003 (-30.7 percent change).
Outcome 3. Increase permanency for children in foster care
In 2003, 91.6 percent of children exiting foster care (measure 3.1) were discharged to a permanent home, which exceeds the national median of 86.3 percent. Furthermore, 75.2 percent of the children exiting foster care who were older than age 12 when they entered foster care (measure 3.3) were discharged to a permanent home, which exceeds the national median of 72.2 percent. However, 80.2 percent of children exiting foster care who had a diagnosed disability (measure 3.2) were discharged to a permanent home, which is about equal to the national median of 79.5 percent.
In 2003, 37.5 percent of the children reported as emancipated from foster care entered foster care when they were age 12 or younger (measure 3.4). This percent not only exceeds the national median of 29.6 percent, but also represents a decline in performance from 2001 (+11.6 percent change). (Data for 2000 are not reliable for this measure).
Many of the children who are reported as exits to emancipation appear to be discharged from foster care prior to their 18th birthday. In 2003, for example, only 132 children exiting foster care were age 18 or older at the time of exit. However, 283 children were reported as exiting to emancipation.
There were differences with regard to exits to permanency as a function of children's race or ethnicity (measure 3.5). (This was assessed only when a particular race or ethnicity accounted for at least 10 percent of the exits from foster care.) Alaska Native/American Indian children exiting foster care were less likely to be discharged to a permanent home (82.0 percent) than either White (non-Hispanic) children exiting foster care (93.5 percent) or Black (non-Hispanic) children exiting foster care (92.6 percent). In addition, the percent of Alaska Native/American Indian children in the foster care population (12.6 percent) exceeded the percent of those children in the State's child population (9.7 percent). Similarly, the percent of Black (non-Hispanic) children in the foster care population (17.0 percent) exceeded the percent of Black (non-Hispanic) children in the State's child population (9.2 percent).
Outcome 4. Reduce time in foster care to reunification without increasing re-entry
In 2003, 83.1 percent of all reunifications occurred within 12 months of a child's entry into foster care (measure 4.1), which exceeds the national median of 72.0 percent. Performance with regard to this measure did not change from 2000 to 2003. In addition, 2.1 percent of reunifications occurred after the child had been in foster care for at least 36 months, which is less than the national median of 3.5 percent.
Oklahoma's relatively high percentage of reunifications occurring within 12 months of a child's entry into foster care corresponds to a relatively high percentage of re-entries into foster care. In 2003, 15.0 percent of the children entering foster care were re-entering within 12 months of a prior episode, which exceeds the national median of 9.5 percent (measure 4.2). There was no change in performance on this measure from 2000 to 2003. In addition, 9.0 percent of the children entering foster care were entering more than 12 months after a prior foster care episode. Consequently, 24 percent of all children entering foster care in 2003 had been in foster care at a prior time.
Outcome 5. Reduce time in foster care to adoption
In 2003, 26.5 percent of finalized adoptions in Oklahoma occurred within 24 months of a child's entry into foster care (measure 5.1). Although this percent exceeds the national median of 23.9 percent, it represents a decline in performance on this measure from 2000 to 2003 (-15.3 percent change).
Outcome 6. Increase placement stability
In 2003, 73.6 percent of the children in foster care in Oklahoma who were in care for less than 12 months experienced no more than two placement settings (measure 6.1), which is less than the national median of 84.2 percent. Also in 2003, 43.9 percent of the children in foster care for at least 12 months, but less than 24 months, experienced no more than two placement settings, which is less than the national median of 59.1 percent.
Outcome 7. Reduce placements of young children in group homes and institutions
In 2003, 15.2 percent of the children entering foster care in Oklahoma who were age 12 or younger were placed in a group home or institution (measure 7.1). This percentage exceeds the national median of 8.3 percent. There was no change in performance on this measure from 2000 to 2003.
