South Dakota
Context Data | Outcomes Data | State Comment | Federal Comment
South Dakota [ Context Data ]
A. Context Statistics
| General Child Population (Census Bureau) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total children under 18 years | 201,686 | 197,808 | 197,059 | 195,426 |
| Race/Ethnicity (%)1 | ||||
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 13.3 | 13.5 | 12.8 | 13.0 |
| Asian | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | <.1 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 80.6 | 80.3 | 81.4 | 81.0 |
| Two or more races | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| % Child population in poverty | 12.7 | 8.2 | 12.2 | 14.0 |
| Child Welfare Summary | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child maltreatment victims2 | 3,081 | 3,707 | 3,961 | 4,346 |
| Children in foster care on 9/30 | 1,215 | 1,367 | 1,396 | 1,580 |
| Children adopted | 94 | 97 | 145 | 144 |
B. Child Maltreatment Data [National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS)]
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overview Maltreatment Information | Number | Rate | Number | Rate | Number | Rate | Number | Rate |
| Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment | 10,403 | 51.6 per 1,000 | 9,984 | 50.5 per 1,000 | 8,411 | 42.7 per 1,000 | 9,925 | 50.8 per 1,000 |
| Total child maltreatment victims3 | 3,081 | 15.3 per 1,000 | 3,707 | 18.7 per 1,000 | 3,961 | 20.1 per 1,000 | 4,346 | 22.2 per 1,000 |
| Child fatalities | 6 | 3.0 per 100,000 | 2 | 1.0 per 100,000 | 5 | 2.5 per 100,000 | 5 | 2.6 per 100,000 |
1 Race/ethnicity data for 2001, 2002, and 2003 represent population estimates. Back
2 A child victim is defined as a child who is the subject of a substantiated or indicated maltreatment report. Back
3 Children with more than one report of substantiated or indicated maltreatment may be counted more than once. Back
| Age of Child Victims (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 year | 4.1 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 10.2 |
| 1-5 years | 28.6 | 29.8 | 29.7 | 33.3 |
| 6-10 years | 30.2 | 29.0 | 31.6 | 30.0 |
| 11-15 years | 24.4 | 23.7 | 24.4 | 21.1 |
| 16+ years | 10.5 | 10.1 | 8.1 | 4.5 |
| Unknown | 2.3 | 2.6 | 1.4 | 0.9 |
| Number | 3,081 | 3,707 | 3,961 | 4,346 |
| Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%)4 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 45.4 | 45.1 | 41.5 | 35.6 |
| Asian | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.7 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.0 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.4 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 48.0 | 45.1 | 44.9 | 44.0 |
| Two or more races | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 |
| Unknown | 6.6 | 9.8 | 13.6 | 10.7 |
| Number | 3,081 | 3,707 | 3,961 | 4,346 |
| Maltreatment Types of Child Victims (%)5 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emotional abuse | 11.3 | 18.3 | 23.4 | 17.7 |
| Medical neglect | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Neglect | 70.3 | 78.9 | 84.4 | 73.1 |
| Physical abuse | 21.5 | 19.7 | 20.7 | 20.8 |
| Sexual abuse | 6.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.2 |
| Unknown/missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Other | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 3,081 | 3,707 | 3,961 | 4,346 |
4 Percentages may total more than 100 because Hispanics may be counted by Hispanic ethnicity and race. Back
5 Percentages may total more than 100 because children can be victims of more than one type of maltreatment. Back
C. Characteristics of Children in Foster Care [Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS): Foster Care File]
| In Foster Care on 10/1 FY | Entered Foster Care in FY | Exited Foster Care in FY | In Foster Care on 9/30 FY | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Total Number | 816 | 1,182 | 1,201 | 1,253 | 1,441 | 1,357 | 1,348 | 1,370 | 1,042 | 1,173 | 1,153 | 1,043 | 1,215 | 1,367 | 1,396 | 1,580 |
| Median length of stay (months) | 11.3 | 11.3 | 15.0 | 16.1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2.2 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 8.3 | 12.4 | 13.7 | 12.6 |
| In Foster Care on 10/1 FY | Entered Foster Care in FY | Exited Foster Care in FY | In Foster Care on 9/30 FY | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
| <1 year | 5.5 | 5.4 | 2.7 | 3.8 | 12.8 | 11.3 | 13.7 | 11.6 | 9.7 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 4.3 |
| 1 year | 5.6 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 10.7 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 6.1 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 7.4 |
| 2 years | 6.0 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 7.5 | 8.4 | 7.0 | 9.1 | 7.8 | 9.3 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 7.2 |
| 3 years | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 8.3 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 6.6 |
| 4 years | 5.6 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 7.1 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 4.7 | 4.7 |
| 5 years | 4.5 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 4.9 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 4.1 |
| 6 years | 6.1 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 5.9 |
| 7 years | 5.8 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 6.1 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
| 8 years | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 4.9 |
| 9 years | 4.9 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 4.4 |
| 10 years | 5.9 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.2 |
| 11 years | 5.3 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 6.9 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.5 |
| 12 years | 5.6 | 5.2 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 |
| 13 years | 5.0 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 5.7 |
| 14 years | 6.6 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 5.9 |
| 15 years | 5.1 | 7.4 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 4.6 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 5.8 |
| 16 years | 5.1 | 5.2 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 1.6 | 4.8 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 6.5 |
| 17 years | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 4.4 |
| 18 years | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| 19 years | 0.2 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | <.1 |
| 20 years | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | <.1 |
| Missing data | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.2 | <.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| In Foster Care on 10/1 FY | Entered Foster Care in FY | Exited Foster Care in FY | In Foster Care on 9/30 FY | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 63.4 | 61.4 | 59.8 | 55.7 | 59.7 | 59.8 | 57.9 | 54.2 | 60.3 | 59.7 | 58.7 | 53.5 | 61.6 | 61.3 | 58.8 | 55.8 |
| Asian | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | <.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.2 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 2.3 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 1.8 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.0 | <.1 | 0.0 | <.1 | <.1 | 0.1 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 5.7 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 6.4 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 6.3 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 5.8 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 29.0 | 30.8 | 30.9 | 32.0 | 31.3 | 29.3 | 30.6 | 32.4 | 30.8 | 30.9 | 30.5 | 34.1 | 30.2 | 29.3 | 30.9 | 30.9 |
| Two or more races | 1.2 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 2.0 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 5.3 |
| Unknown | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
D. Characteristics of Children "Waiting for Adoption"6 (AFCARS: Foster Care File)
| Waiting for Adoption | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total waiting children | 297 | 404 | 439 | 454 |
| Numbers of waiting children whose parents' rights have been terminated | 200 | 325 | 382 | 426 |
| Age (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 year | 4.0 | 3.0 | 1.1 | 1.5 |
| 1 year | 7.1 | 6.4 | 5.0 | 2.9 |
| 2 years | 7.7 | 8.7 | 6.2 | 5.9 |
| 3 years | 6.1 | 4.2 | 7.5 | 6.2 |
| 4 years | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.2 |
| 5 years | 7.1 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 3.5 |
| 6 years | 4.0 | 5.4 | 4.1 | 7.0 |
| 7 years | 6.7 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 5.1 |
| 8 years | 6.4 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 4.4 |
| 9 years | 5.1 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.9 |
| 10 years | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.8 | 6.2 |
| 11 years | 8.1 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.4 |
| 12 years | 5.1 | 8.2 | 6.8 | 6.6 |
| 13 years | 7.4 | 6.4 | 7.7 | 6.2 |
| 14 years | 4.7 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 8.8 |
| 15 years | 7.1 | 4.7 | 6.4 | 6.8 |
| 16 years | 1.7 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 7.0 |
| 17 years | 0.7 | 2.2 | 4.1 | 4.2 |
| 18 years | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 |
| 19 years | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 |
| 20+ years | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 |
| Missing data | — | — | — | — |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 55.2 | 58.2 | 54.0 | 48.5 |
| Asian | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 2.7 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 1.3 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 5.1 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 6.2 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 35.4 | 33.9 | 34.2 | 37.2 |
| Two or more races | 1.7 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 6.6 |
| Unknown | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
6 There is no Federal definition for a child waiting to be adopted. The definition used in the table above includes children who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parental rights have been terminated. It excludes children 16 years old and older whose parental rights have been terminated and who have a goal of emancipation. A State's own definition may differ from that used here. Furthermore, some numbers in this table may be lower than the numbers reported in the prior Child Welfare Outcomes reports. Only children with terminations prior to the end of the fiscal year of interest are included in the current table. Back
E. Characteristics of Children Adopted (AFCARS: Adoption File)
| Adoptions | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total children adopted | 94 | 97 | 145 | 144 |
| Age (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 year | 4.3 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.0 |
| 1 year | 10.6 | 5.2 | 6.2 | 4.2 |
| 2 years | 13.8 | 12.4 | 17.9 | 9.7 |
| 3 years | 7.4 | 16.5 | 11.7 | 18.1 |
| 4 years | 10.6 | 8.2 | 9.0 | 12.5 |
| 5 years | 12.8 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 9.0 |
| 6 years | 5.3 | 13.4 | 8.3 | 6.9 |
| 7 years | 3.2 | 8.2 | 9.0 | 9.0 |
| 8 years | 7.4 | 6.2 | 4.8 | 4.9 |
| 9 years | 5.3 | 6.2 | 4.8 | 6.3 |
| 10 years | 5.3 | 3.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 |
| 11 years | 5.3 | 1.0 | 4.8 | 4.2 |
| 12 years | 4.3 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 3.5 |
| 13 years | 1.1 | 1.0 | 3.4 | 2.1 |
| 14 years | 1.1 | 3.1 | 0.7 | 3.5 |
| 15 years | 2.1 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 1.4 |
| 16 years | 0.0 | 2.1 | 0.7 | 0.0 |
| 17 years | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 |
| 18 years | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 19 years | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 20+ years | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | — | — | — | — |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Native/American Indian | 51.1 | 41.2 | 56.6 | 53.5 |
| Asian | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Black (non-Hispanic) | 0.0 | 2.1 | 0.7 | 4.9 |
| Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Hispanic (of any race) | 6.4 | 11.3 | 4.1 | 6.3 |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 37.2 | 41.2 | 34.5 | 29.9 |
| Two or more races | 5.3 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 5.6 |
| Unknown | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
South Dakota [ Outcomes Data ]
1. Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)
| 1.1 Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children without a recurrence | — | — | — | 85.6 |
| Children with one or more recurrences | — | — | — | 14.4 |
| Number | — | — | — | 1,757 |
2. Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS and AFCARS: Foster Care File, Jan.-Sept.)
| 2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children maltreated while in foster care | — | — | — | 0.68 |
| Children not maltreated while in foster care | — | — | — | 99.32 |
| Number | — | — | — | 2,359 |
3. Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS: Foster Care File)
| 3.1 Exits of Children from Foster Care (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adoption | 8.3 | 10.7 | 14.9 | 14.4 |
| Guardianship | 3.9 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 4.9 |
| Reunification | 76.6 | 69.7 | 61.5 | 66.8 |
| Other | 8.3 | 12.4 | 9.5 | 13.9 |
| Missing data | 2.9 | 2.5 | 10.3 | 0.0 |
| Number | 1,042 | 1,173 | 1,153 | 1,043 |
| 3.2 Exits of Children with a Diagnosed Disability (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adoption | 29.1 | 29.2 | 33.1 | 23.0 |
| Guardianship | 4.5 | 6.9 | 4.8 | 6.8 |
| Reunification | 37.3 | 33.8 | 36.3 | 37.3 |
| Other | 20.9 | 26.9 | 20.2 | 32.9 |
| Missing data | 8.2 | 3.1 | 5.6 | 0.0 |
| Number | 110 | 130 | 124 | 161 |
| 3.3 Exits of Children Older than Age 12 at Entry into Foster Care (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adoption | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.6 |
| Guardianship | 5.6 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 3.2 |
| Reunification | 73.2 | 67.6 | 59.6 | 62.0 |
| Other | 15.7 | 23.8 | 28.4 | 34.2 |
| Missing data | 4.5 | 4.9 | 8.2 | 0.0 |
| Number | 198 | 185 | 183 | 158 |
| 3.4 Exits to Emancipation (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children age 12 or younger at entry | 21.7 | 26.2 | 9.8 | 31.0 |
| Children older than 12 at entry | 78.3 | 73.8 | 90.2 | 69.0 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 23 | 42 | 41 | 58 |
| 3.5 Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%) | Alaska Native/Am. In. | Asian | Black (non-Hispanic) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Adoption | 6.5 | 7.1 | 12.6 | 13.6 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 6.7 | 42.9 | 13.3 | 25.9 |
| Guardianship | 4.6 | 4.9 | 3.2 | 7.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.7 |
| Reunification | 76.8 | 70.9 | 61.4 | 62.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 83.3 | 42.9 | 73.3 | 70.4 |
| Other | 9.1 | 14.1 | 9.9 | 15.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 10.0 | 14.3 | 13.3 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | 3.0 | 3.0 | 12.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 628 | 700 | 677 | 558 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 30 | 14 | 15 | 27 |
| |
||||||||||||
| Native Hawaiian/Other Pac. Is. | Hispanic (of any race) | White (non-Hispanic) | ||||||||||
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Adoption | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 11.6 | 20.4 | 12.0 | 13.6 | 11.2 | 14.4 | 19.9 | 14.0 |
| Guardianship | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 3.4 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 1.1 |
| Reunification | 0.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 67.4 | 66.7 | 62.0 | 68.2 | 76.9 | 69.6 | 61.4 | 73.3 |
| Other | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100.0 | 16.3 | 11.1 | 12.0 | 16.7 | 5.6 | 9.1 | 7.4 | 11.5 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.7 | 0.0 | 10.0 | 0.0 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 6.5 | 0.0 |
| Number | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 54 | 50 | 66 | 321 | 362 | 352 | 356 |
| |
||||||||||||
| Unable to Determine | Two or more Races | Missing Data | ||||||||||
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Adoption | 12.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9.1 | 30.4 | 13.5 | 24.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Guardianship | 12.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 5.8 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Reunification | 75.0 | 84.2 | 80.0 | 0.0 | 81.8 | 43.5 | 59.6 | 60.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Other | 0.0 | 15.8 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 9.1 | 13.0 | 13.5 | 12.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 8 | 19 | 5 | 0 | 11 | 23 | 52 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4. Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Re-entry (AFCARS Foster Care File)
| 4.1 Time to Reunification (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than 12 mos. | 84.0 | 86.5 | 88.3 | 84.8 |
| At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. | 6.8 | 7.1 | 6.1 | 6.7 |
| At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 1.6 |
| At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.6 |
| 48 or more mos. | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.1 |
| Missing data | 6.6 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 5.2 |
| Number | 798 | 817 | 709 | 697 |
| 4.2 Children Re-entering Foster Care (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children entering care for the first time | 65.9 | 69.0 | 71.2 | 74.2 |
| Children re-entering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode | 14.4 | 16.7 | 19.9 | 16.8 |
| Children re-entering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode | 17.8 | 14.0 | 8.5 | 8.0 |
| Missing data | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.0 |
| Number | 1,441 | 1,357 | 1,348 | 1,370 |
5. Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Foster Care File)
| 5.1 Time to Adoption (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than 12 mos. | 31.0 | 26.2 | 19.2 | 8.7 |
| At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. | 41.4 | 31.0 | 28.5 | 24.7 |
| At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. | 19.5 | 20.6 | 34.9 | 29.3 |
| At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. | 2.3 | 11.1 | 8.1 | 24.0 |
| 48 or more mos. | 5.7 | 11.1 | 9.3 | 13.3 |
| Missing data | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 87 | 126 | 172 | 150 |
6. Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Foster Care File)
| 6.1 Number of Placements by Time in Care (%) | In Care less than 12 Months | In Care at Least 12 Months but less than 24 Months | In Care for 24 Months or Longer | Missing Time in Care | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | |
| Children with 2 or fewer placements | 85.3 | 84.7 | 81.8 | 81.5 | 58.0 | 57.4 | 54.2 | 51.6 | 44.2 | 49.1 | 28.5 | 23.4 | 92.3 | 96.2 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
| Children with 3 or more placements | 13.8 | 15.1 | 16.7 | 18.5 | 41.7 | 42.3 | 45.8 | 48.4 | 55.8 | 50.9 | 71.5 | 76.2 | 1.5 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Number | 1,529 | 1,544 | 1,487 | 1,486 | 319 | 470 | 406 | 407 | 344 | 499 | 632 | 688 | 65 | 26 | 24 | 42 |
7. Reduce Placements of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Foster Care File)
| 7.1 Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%) | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group homes | 1.2 | 1.7 | 3.5 | 2.3 |
| Institutions | 15.3 | 13.7 | 16.7 | 17.8 |
| Other settings | 83.3 | 84.6 | 79.9 | 79.7 |
| Missing data | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 |
| Number | 1,108 | 1,110 | 1,093 | 1,081 |
South Dakota [ State Comment ]
Virgena Wieseler, Division Director
Child Protection Services
Department of Social Services
The following are South Dakota's comments on the State data presented in Child Welfare Outcomes 2003: Report to Congress.
Section C (Children in Foster Care): The reason the number in care as of 10-01-02 is different than what was reported on 09-30-02 was due to an incorrect extraction method regarding the use of the transaction date. The State has taken corrective measures to resolve the problem.
Outcome measure 1.1 (Recurrence of Maltreatment): Both substantiated and indicated findings were included in the data. States without indicated would have a lower recurrence rate. The policy regarding duplicate reports was broad and included findings of reports assigned within the time period of the previous report still being investigated.
Outcome Measure 3.4 (Exits to Emancipation): The drastic reduction in FY2002 appears to have been an AFCARS reporting problem which we believe has been corrected.
Outcome Measure 4.2 (Re-entry into Foster Care): The State was counting trial reunifications as discharges. Corrective measures have been taken to correct this issue.
Outcome Measure 5.1 (Time to Adoption): In FY 2000 the state was incorrectly reporting adoptive placements as adoption discharges. This issue has now been corrected.
Outcome Measure 6.1 (Number of Placements): The increase in percentage of children experiencing 3 or more placements is attributed to more accurate reporting of placements.
Outcome Measure 7.1 (Placements of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions): The increase in the number of children (age 12 and younger) needing group home or institutional care is attributed to increasing needs of children coming into care and lack of adequate community based mental health services to families.
South Dakota [ Federal Comment ]
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT
The following is a discussion of South Dakota's performance on the national outcomes established for the Report to Congress. The discussion focuses on the State's performance in 2003 and on change in performance over time. Change over time was determined by calculating the percent change in performance from 2000 to 2003. A percent change that was less than 5.0 in either direction (i.e., positive or negative) was considered to represent "no change in performance."
Outcome 1. Reduce recurrence of child abuse and/or neglect
In 2003, 14.4 percent of the children in South Dakota who were victims of maltreatment during the first 6 months of the year experienced another maltreatment incident within a 6-month period (measure 1.1). This percent exceeds the national median of 7.1 percent. Change in performance on this measure from 2000 to 2003 cannot be assessed because 2003 is the first year that data for this measure were available.
South Dakota's relatively high percentage of children experiencing maltreatment recurrence in 2003 corresponds to a relatively high child maltreatment victim rate in the State. In 2003, the child maltreatment victim rate was 22.2 child victims per 1,000 children in the State population, which exceeds the national median of 10.6 child victims per 1,000 children in the population. The 2003 victim rate also represents an increase from 2000, when there were 15.3 child victims per 1,000 children in the population.
Outcome 2. Reduce the incidence of child abuse and/or neglect in foster care
In 2003, 0.68 percent of the children in foster care in South Dakota were found to be maltreated by a foster parent or facility staff member (measure 2.1). This percent exceeds the national median of 0.39 percent. Change in performance from 2000 to 2003 cannot be assessed because 2003 is the first year that data for this measure were available.
Outcome 3. Increase permanency for children in foster care
In 2003, 86.1 percent of children exiting foster care in South Dakota (measure 3.1) were discharged to a permanent home, which is about equal to the national median of 86.3 percent. However, only 67.1 percent of children exiting foster care who had a diagnosed disability (measure 3.2) were discharged to a permanent home, which is less than the national median of 79.5 percent. Furthermore, only 65.8 percent of the children exiting foster care who were older than age 12 when they entered foster care (measure 3.3) were discharged to a permanent home, which is less than the national median of 72.2 percent.
In 2003, 31.0 percent of the children reported as emancipated from foster care entered foster care when they were age 12 or younger (measure 3.4). Although this percent is about equal to the national median of 29.6 percent, performance on this measure declined from 2000 to 2003 (+42.9 percent change).
There were slight differences with regard to exits to permanency as a function of children's race or ethnicity (measure 3.5). (This was assessed only when a particular race or ethnicity accounted for at least 10 percent of the exits from foster care.) White (non-Hispanic) children exiting foster care were slightly more likely to be discharged to a permanent home (88.4 percent) than were Alaska Native/American Indian children exiting foster care (84.2 percent). Also, the percent of Alaska Native/American Indian children in the foster care population (55.8 percent) was more than four times the percent of those children in the State's child population (13.0 percent).
Outcome 4. Reduce time in foster care to reunification without increasing re-entry
In 2003, 84.8 percent of reunifications in South Dakota occurred within 12 months of a child's entry into foster care (measure 4.1), which exceeds the national median of 72.0 percent. Performance with regard to this measure did not change from 2000 to 2003. In addition, 2.7 percent of reunifications occurred after the child had been in foster care for at least 36 months, which is less than the national median of 3.5 percent.
South Dakota's relatively high percent of reunifications occurring within 12 months of a child's entry into foster care corresponds to a relatively high percentage of re-entries into foster care. In 2003, 16.8 percent of the children entering foster care in South Dakota were re-entering within 12 months of a prior episode (measure 4.2). This percent not only exceeds the national median of 9.5 percent, but also represents a decline in performance on this measure from 2000 to 2003 (+16.7 percent change). In addition, 8.0 percent of the children entering foster care were entering more than 12 months after a prior foster care episode. Consequently, 24.8 percent of all children entering foster care in 2003 had been in foster care at a prior time.
Outcome 5. Reduce time in foster care to adoption
In 2003, 33.4 percent of finalized adoptions in South Dakota occurred within 24 months of a child's entry into foster care (measure 5.1). Although this percent exceeds the national median of 23.9 percent, it represents a decline in performance on this measure from 2000 (+33.4 percent change).
Outcome 6. Increase placement stability
In 2003, 81.5 percent of the children in foster care for less than 12 months experienced no more than two placement settings (measure 6.1), which is less than the national median of 84.2 percent. Also in 2003, 51.6 percent of the children in foster care for at least 12 months, but less than 24 months, experienced no more than two placement settings, which is less than the national median of 59.1 percent. There was a decline in placement stability of 29.9 percentage points for children in foster care for 12 to 24 months compared to children in foster care for less than 12 months.
Outcome 7. Reduce placements of young children in group homes and institutions
In 2003, 20.1 percent of the children entering foster care who were age 12 or younger were placed in a group home or institution (measure 7.1). This percentage not only exceeds the national median of 8.3 percent, but also represents a decline in performance from 2000 to 2003 (+21.8 percent change).
