A man who is contesting an accusation of paternity or wishes to establish it when a question of paternity exists

Alternate forms of the same gene. Same as a genetic marker. Examples are: A, B and +O of the ABO blood gene

The surgical withdrawal of a sample of amniotic fluid from a pregnant female for the use in the determination of sex or genetic disorder in the fetus

A substance that when introduced into the body stimulates the production of an antibody

Specimen of the cavity of the mouth removed with a swab

Structures in cells which contain genes. There are 46 chromosomes in humans, one-half of which are contributed to the child by each biological parent

The study of heredity by cytological and genetic methods

The branch of biology dealing with the study of the formation, structure, and function of cells

A compound which regulates all genetic systems. DNA is itself a genetic factor that can be tested in forensic and parentage disputes

A technique used to evaluate genetic components based on their migration in an electric field. The technique separates alleles into different regions so they can be differentiated. Electrophoresis is commonly used to evaluate red cell enzymes, serum proteins and DNA

A specific hereditary trait, such as blood type, eye color, etc. Gene also refers to a specific DNA region. Many genes have alternate forms referred to as alleles

Genetic markers found on the surface of leukocytes

Any of the white or colorless nucleated cells occurring in blood

Method of DNA analysis that amplifies a specific DNA (gene) region allowing rapid DNA analysis

The therapeutic practice of opening a vein to draw blood

Variable number of alleles for a test system. Systems that are highly polymorphic provide a greater power of exclusion

A DNA strand that is used to stain DNA fragments after electrophoresis

An erythrocyte (the yellowish, nonnucleated, disk-shaped blood cell that contains hemoglobin and is responsible for the color of blood)

Genetic markers found on the surface of red cells

Variations in the size of DNA fragments produced by a restriction enzyme at a polymorphic locus

Genetic markers found floating in the blood along with red and white cells

Puncture of a vein, as for drawing blood, intravenous feeding, or administration of medicine