Appendix 5.2: Factors That Moderate the Impact of Head Start: Detailed Tables for Cognitive Outcomes
The following tables (Exhibits A.5.2.1 through A.5.2.22) provide the results of the moderator/subgroup analyses for measures of cognitive outcomes, with a separate table for each individual measure. For clarity, these results are only presented for the full combined sample (i.e., not separately for the English-English and Spanish-English language groups). Each table is organized as follows:
-
The first column lists the variable used in the particular subgroup/moderator analysis (separate regressions were estimated for each moderator). For example, analyses were conducted to examine the extent to which child gender was related to program impact.
-
As shown, separate lines are shown for the overall construct (e.g., gender) and for each of the subgroups that make up the construct, e.g., boys and girls. Estimates associated with the overall construct represent estimated differences in impacts (e.g., boys versus girls), while the figures associated with each of the subgroup rows represent the impact on the individual subgroups (e.g., impacts on boys alone).
-
For comparison purposes, the next column provides the mean on the particular outcome measure for the group indicated among children in the non-Head Start group in spring 2003 (the end of the first program year).
-
The next set of columns provides the estimated impact on the individual subgroups, while the last two columns provide the estimated difference in impact between subgroups.
- As with the overall impact tables provided in Chapter 5, the estimated impacts are shown using two separate estimation specifications: (1) using regression analyses that include only demographic covariates measured in fall 2002 and (2) using regression analyses that added a measure of the outcome variable assessed in fall 2002. The highlighting indicates which estimate is considered the “best” (see Chapter 4) and which is highlighted in the discussion in Chapter 5.
Exhibit A.5.2.1: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on the PPVT-III: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| PPVT-III |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=2,071) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
4.19 |
3.78 |
| Special Needs |
247.16 |
7.07 |
7.55 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
250.34 |
2.88 |
3.77 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
262.51 |
1.48 |
3.34 |
0.20 (vs. Black) |
1.15 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
247.10 |
1.68 |
2.19 |
5.41 (vs. Hispanic) |
5.07 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
239.51 |
7.09 |
7.26* |
5.61 (vs. White) |
3.92 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.12* |
-0.11* |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
4.49 |
4.10 |
| English-English |
255.52 |
2.43 |
3.42 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
225.12 |
6.92 |
7.52* |
|
|
| Fall PPVT |
|
|
|
|
0.02 |
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.91 |
0.53 |
| Married |
252.54 |
4.15 |
4.51* |
|
|
| Not Married |
247.85 |
3.25 |
3.98 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.2: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on the PPVT-III: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| PPVT-III |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
2.33 |
0.64 |
| Special Needs |
287.76 |
4.06 |
3.15 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
291.79 |
1.73 |
2.51 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
312.72 |
2.16 |
0.96 |
3.29 (vs. Black) |
1.12 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
294.60 |
-1.14 |
-0.16 |
4.97 (vs. Hispanic) |
5.80 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
272.69 |
3.84 |
5.64* |
1.68 (vs. White) |
4.68 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
0.01 |
0.00 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
4.61 |
3.60 |
| English-English |
303.58 |
1.03 |
1.50 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
262.52 |
5.64* |
5.09 |
|
|
| Fall PPVT |
|
|
|
|
-0.01 |
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
3.53 |
3.54 |
| Married |
290.22 |
4.65 |
4.97 |
|
|
| Not Married |
292.29 |
1.12 |
1.66 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.3: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on CTOPPP Elision: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| CTOPPP Elision |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
1.78 |
0.79 |
| Special Needs |
237.09 |
1.95 |
3.04 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
240.07 |
3.73 |
4.19 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
243.81 |
5.81 |
7.36 |
1.57 (vs. Black) |
0.11 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
240.81 |
7.39 |
7.47* |
10.49 (vs. Hispanic) |
10.38 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
233.88 |
-3.10 |
-2.91 |
8.91 (vs. White) |
10.27 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.14* |
-0.13* |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
6.78 |
7.22 |
| English-English |
242.93 |
4.50 |
5.31 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
224.55 |
-2.28 |
-1.91 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
5.11 |
4.65 |
| Married |
236.22 |
6.34 |
6.47 |
|
|
| Not Married |
242.67 |
1.23 |
1.82 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.4: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on CTOPP Elision: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| CTOPPP Elision |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
4.83 |
5.94 |
| Special Needs |
266.55 |
-3.26 |
-3.86 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
274.55 |
1.57 |
2.09 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
294.13 |
-3.22 |
-3.77 |
8.47 (vs. Black) |
9.56 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
275.88 |
5.25 |
5.80 |
3.43 (vs. Hispanic) |
2.91 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
256.03 |
1.82 |
2.89 |
5.04 (vs. White) |
6.65 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.02 |
-0.02 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
1.99 |
2.50 |
| English-English |
282.77 |
1.75 |
1.99 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
251.73 |
-0.24 |
-0.51 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
1.90 |
2.13 |
| Married |
272.38 |
2.27 |
2.63 |
|
|
| Not Married |
274.71 |
0.37 |
0.50 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.5: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Woodcock-Johnson Oral Comprehension: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Oral Comprehension |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.74 |
0.59 |
| Special Needs |
435.21 |
-0.31 |
0.10 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
435.46 |
0.43 |
0.69 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
440.63 |
2.22* |
2.82** |
4.24* (vs. Black) |
4.73* (vs. Black) |
| Black |
437.71 |
-2.02 |
-1.91 |
3.03 (vs. Hispanic) |
3.05 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
427.12 |
1.01 |
1.14 |
1.21 (vs. White) |
1.68 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.01 |
-0.00 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.13 |
0.38 |
| English-English |
438.38 |
0.39 |
0.71 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
421.31 |
0.27 |
0.33 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
2.63 |
2.49 |
| Married |
434.13 |
1.98* |
2.09* |
|
|
| Not Married |
436.54 |
-0.65 |
-0.40 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.6: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Woodcock-Johnson Oral Comprehension: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Oral Comprehension |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
2.66 |
2.85 |
| Special Needs |
442.34 |
-3.40 |
-3.42 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
443.81 |
-0.74 |
-0.56 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
454.36 |
-0.95 |
-1.38 |
380.19 (vs. Black) |
0.83 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
448.58 |
-0.76 |
-0.53 |
0.57 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.21 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
432.06 |
-1.33 |
-0.74 |
0.38 (vs. White) |
0.64 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
0.01 |
0.01 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.73 |
1.00 |
| English-English |
450.56 |
-0.68 |
-0.61 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
426.65 |
-1.41 |
-1.61 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
1.64 |
1.83 |
| Married |
442.02 |
-1.90 |
-1.92 |
|
|
| Not Married |
444.98 |
-0.26 |
-0.09 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.7: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Woodcock-Johnson Spelling: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Spelling |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.90 |
0.68 |
| Special Needs |
340.39 |
2.85 |
3.00 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
334.05 |
1.94 |
2.32 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
345.11 |
0.76 |
1.49 |
1.04 (vs. Black) |
1.41 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
342.99 |
-0.28 |
0.08 |
5.96 (vs. Hispanic) |
5.54 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
342.79 |
5.68* |
5.61* |
4.92 (vs. White) |
4.12 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.04 |
-0.04 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
5.24 |
4.92 |
| English-English |
344.44 |
0.95 |
1.41 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
340.35 |
6.19 |
6.33 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
1.12 |
1.11 |
| Married |
345.42 |
2.80 |
3.09 |
|
|
| Not Married |
342.08 |
1.68 |
1.98 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.8: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Woodcock-Johnson Spelling: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Spelling |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
6.77 |
7.19 |
| Special Needs |
362.28 |
-1.98 |
-2.22 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
368.34 |
4.79* |
4.97** |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
368.98 |
2.07 |
1.83 |
7.39 (vs. Black) |
7.92 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
363.88 |
9.46** |
9.75** |
7.25 (vs. Hispanic) |
7.21 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
368.73 |
2.22 |
2.55 |
0.15 (vs. White) |
0.71 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.02 |
-0.02 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.62 |
1.08 |
| English-English |
367.16 |
4.30* |
4.49** |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
368.83 |
3.68 |
3.41 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
4.80 |
4.64 |
| Married |
371.09 |
1.53 |
1.67 |
|
|
| Not Married |
364.74 |
6.33* |
6.31* |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.9: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Woodcock-Johnson Letter-Word Identification: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Letter-Word Identification |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
1.29 |
1.25 |
| Special Needs |
297.49 |
6.78 |
6.63 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
300.90 |
5.49* |
5.38** |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
302.11 |
4.92 |
3.79 |
0.30 (vs. Black) |
2.00 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
304.71 |
4.62 |
5.80** |
2.80 (vs. Hispanic) |
1.12 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
294.56 |
7.42** |
6.92** |
2.50 (vs. White) |
3.12 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.07 |
-0.06 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
1.83 |
2.33 |
| English-English |
302.69 |
5.18** |
5.05*** |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
291.26 |
7.01 |
7.38 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
2.94 |
1.32 |
| Married |
300.62 |
7.77** |
6.53** |
|
|
| Not Married |
300.42 |
4.84* |
5.21** |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.10: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Woodcock-Johnson Letter-Word Identification: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Letter-Word Identification |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
1.29 |
0.67 |
| Special Needs |
310.12 |
4.59 |
4.31 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
320.35 |
5.88* |
4.98* |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
322.73 |
5.28 |
0.26 |
5.28 (vs. Black) |
7.29 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
326.72 |
10.56* |
7.55 |
7.45 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.51 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
312.40 |
3.11 |
7.04* |
2.17 (vs. White) |
6.78 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.04 |
0.00 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
4.76 |
3.47 |
| English-English |
322.49 |
7.32* |
3.92 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
311.73 |
2.55 |
7.40* |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
4.85 |
2.59 |
| Married |
319.33 |
3.07 |
3.59 |
|
|
| Not Married |
319.13 |
7.92* |
6.17* |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.11: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Letter Naming Task: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Letter Naming Task |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.58 |
0.49 |
| Special Needs |
3.28 |
1.73 |
1.73 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
4.00 |
1.15* |
1.24* |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
3.70 |
1.15 |
1.33 |
0.10 (vs. Black) |
0.20 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
5.54 |
1.06 |
1.13 |
0.40 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.32 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
2.50 |
1.46* |
1.45* |
0.30 (vs. White) |
0.12 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.02 |
-0.02 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.59 |
0.55 |
| English-English |
4.32 |
1.09 |
1.19 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
2.21 |
1.68 |
1.74 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.03 |
-0.00 |
| Married |
4.38 |
1.37 |
1.46 |
|
|
| Not Married |
3.53 |
1.40* |
1.46* |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.12: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Letter Naming Task: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Letter Naming Task |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.73 |
0.95 |
| Special Needs |
6.47 |
1.59 |
1.45 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
9.56 |
2.32* |
2.39** |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
9.56 |
2.88** |
2.77** |
0.31 (vs. Black) |
0.57 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
12.12 |
3.18 |
3.34 |
2.06 (vs. Hispanic) |
2.10 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
7.34 |
1.12 |
1.24 |
1.75 (vs. White) |
1.53 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.02 |
-0.02 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
2.31 |
2.54 |
| English-English |
10.06 |
2.93** |
3.05** |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
7.32 |
0.62 |
0.51 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.72 |
0.64 |
| Married |
9.10 |
2.00 |
2.06 |
|
|
| Not Married |
9.30 |
2.72* |
2.70* |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.13: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Woodcock-Johnson Applied Problems: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Applied Problems |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
1.66 |
1.94 |
| Special Needs |
370.54 |
2.16 |
2.33 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
373.96 |
3.82 |
4.27 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
382.40 |
5.26 |
6.47 |
5.99 (vs. Black) |
7.17 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
375.37 |
-0.73 |
-0.69 |
7.29 (vs. Hispanic) |
7.27 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
362.47 |
6.56 |
6.57 |
1.30 (vs. White) |
0.10 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.09* |
-0.09* |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
4.02 |
3.55 |
| English-English |
378.25 |
2.81 |
3.40 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
353.45 |
6.83 |
6.96 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
2.04 |
1.74 |
| Married |
374.52 |
5.24 |
5.39 |
|
|
| Not Married |
372.76 |
3.21 |
3.65 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.14: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Woodcock-Johnson Applied Problems: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Applied Problems |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
2.22 |
2.25 |
| Special Needs |
391.46 |
0.72 |
0.89 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
394.78 |
2.94 |
3.14 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
404.36 |
2.71 |
2.42 |
1.27 (vs. Black) |
0.72 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
397.11 |
1.43 |
1.70 |
2.01 (vs. Hispanic) |
2.29 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
385.32 |
3.45 |
3.99 |
0.74 (vs. White) |
1.57 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.03 |
-0.04 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
3.36 |
2.94 |
| English-English |
400.81 |
1.85 |
2.06 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
379.87 |
5.20 |
5.00 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
1.60 |
1.49 |
| Married |
394.23 |
3.99 |
4.06 |
|
|
| Not Married |
394.59 |
2.39 |
2.57 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.15: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Counting Bears: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Counting Bears |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.08 |
0.08 |
| Special Needs |
2.52 |
0.07 |
0.04 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
2.70 |
0.15 |
0.13 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
2.91 |
0.08 |
-0.02 |
0.02 (vs. Black) |
0.16 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
2.76 |
0.10 |
0.14 |
0.14 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.08 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
2.37 |
0.24 |
0.22 |
0.16 (vs. White) |
0.24 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.00* |
-0.00* |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.14 |
0.03 |
| English-English |
2.80 |
0.11 |
0.12 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
2.20 |
0.25 |
0.09 |
|
|
| Fall Bear Rate |
|
|
|
|
0.04 |
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.08 |
0.08 |
| Married |
2.78 |
0.11 |
0.08 |
|
|
| Not Married |
2.60 |
0.19* |
0.17 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.16: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Counting Bears: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Counting Bears |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.13 |
0.15 |
| Special Needs |
3.26 |
0.28 |
0.25 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
3.64 |
0.15 |
0.10 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
3.95 |
-0.14 |
-0.19 |
0.41 (vs. Black) |
0.39 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
3.59 |
0.27 |
0.19 |
0.06 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.13 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
3.34 |
0.33 |
0.32 |
0.47 (vs. White) |
0.52* (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.39 |
0.24 |
| English-English |
3.78 |
0.04 |
0.05 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
3.20 |
0.42 |
0.28 |
|
|
| Fall Bear Rate |
|
|
|
|
0.03 |
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.15 |
0.24 |
| Married |
3.65 |
0.24 |
0.25 |
|
|
| Not Married |
3.56 |
0.09 |
0.01 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.17: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on McCarthy Drawing: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| McCarthy Drawing |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.03 |
0.04 |
| Special Needs |
2.85 |
0.11 |
0.12 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
3.07 |
0.15 |
0.16* |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
3.00 |
0.16 |
0.18 |
0.03 (vs. Black) |
0.00 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
2.96 |
0.18* |
0.18* |
0.10 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.08 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
3.17 |
0.09 |
0.10 |
0.07 (vs. White) |
0.08 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.00 |
-0.00 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.04 |
0.07 |
| English-English |
3.04 |
0.13* |
0.17* |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
3.08 |
0.18 |
0.10 |
|
|
| Fall Draw Score |
|
|
|
|
-0.02 |
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.05 |
0.06 |
| Married |
3.06 |
0.17 |
0.18 |
|
|
| Not Married |
3.03 |
0.12 |
0.12 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.18: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on McCarthy Drawing: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Woodcock-Johnson Letter-Word Identification |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.18 |
0.08 |
| Special Needs |
3.63 |
0.37 |
0.20 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
4.47 |
0.20 |
0.12 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
4.25 |
0.28 |
0.17 |
0.12 (vs. Black) |
0.14 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
4.30 |
0.16 |
0.03 |
0.05 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.11 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
4.52 |
0.20 |
0.15 |
0.08 (vs. White) |
0.02 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.01 |
-0.00 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.09 |
0.11 |
| English-English |
4.26 |
0.25 |
0.09 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
4.63 |
0.17 |
0.20 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.35 |
0.20 |
| Married |
4.56 |
0.04 |
0.02 |
|
|
| Not Married |
4.22 |
0.39* |
0.23 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.19: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Color Naming/Identification: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Color Naming/Identification |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.45 |
0.10 |
| Special Needs |
11.91 |
0.47 |
0.61 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
13.18 |
0.92 |
0.71 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
15.24 |
0.04 |
0.10 |
0.47 (vs. Black) |
0.77 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
13.37 |
0.51 |
0.87 |
1.52 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.22 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
10.45 |
2.03* |
1.09 |
1.99* (vs. White) |
0.99 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.02** |
-0.02* |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
1.32 |
0.86 |
| English-English |
14.07 |
0.59 |
0.87** |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
8.71 |
1.91 |
0.01 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
|
0.00 |
| Married |
12.76 |
2.02** |
1.50** |
1.86* |
1.29 |
| Not Married |
13.27 |
0.16 |
0.22 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.20: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on Color Naming/Identification: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| Color Naming/Identification |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.97 |
0.98 |
| Special Needs |
15.02 |
1.46 |
1.05 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
16.63 |
0.49 |
0.07 |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
18.20 |
0.28 |
0.03 |
0.51 (vs. Black) |
0.06 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
16.86 |
0.79 |
0.08 |
0.06 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.27 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
14.90 |
0.73 |
0.36 |
0.45 (vs. White) |
0.33 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.00 |
-0.00 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.40 |
0.32 |
| English-English |
17.48 |
0.50 |
0.08 |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
14.15 |
0.90 |
0.40 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.31 |
0.37 |
| Married |
16.42 |
0.87 |
0.48 |
|
|
| Not Married |
16.48 |
0.57 |
0.12 |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.21: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on PELS: 3-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| PELS |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.24 |
0.11 |
| Special Needs |
2.22 |
0.26 |
0.32 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
2.37 |
0.50*** |
0.43*** |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
2.50 |
0.37*** |
0.32** |
0.16 (vs. Black) |
0.25 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
2.48 |
0.53** |
0.57*** |
0.02 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.23 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
2.08 |
0.51** |
0.35* |
0.14 (vs. White) |
0.02 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.00* |
-0.00* |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.02 |
0.12 |
| English-English |
2.47 |
0.48*** |
0.44*** |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
1.89 |
0.46* |
0.32 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.09 |
0.01 |
| Married |
2.35 |
0.52*** |
0.43*** |
|
|
| Not Married |
2.36 |
0.43*** |
0.41*** |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
Exhibit A.5.2.22: Initial One Year Estimates of Factors That Moderate Head Start's Impact on PELS: 4-Year-Old Group, Combined Fall English-Spring English and Fall Spanish-Spring English Group, Weighted Data
| PELS |
| Moderator/Subgroup (Sample N=1,638) |
Intent-To-Treat Impact Estimates |
| Non-Head Start Group Mean |
Impact of Head Start on Subgroup |
Difference in Impact Between Subgroups |
| Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
Demographic Covariate Only |
With Fall Measure |
| Special Needs |
|
|
|
|
0.15 |
0.03 |
| Special Needs |
3.12 |
0.28 |
0.32 |
|
|
| No Special Needs |
3.35 |
0.43*** |
0.28** |
|
|
| Child's Race |
White |
3.70 |
0.23 |
0.07 |
0.51 (vs. Black) |
0.36 (vs. Black) |
| Black |
3.40 |
0.75** |
0.44 |
0.39 (vs. Hispanic) |
0.07 (vs. Hispanic) |
| Hispanic |
3.00 |
0.35 |
0.36 |
0.12 (vs. White) |
0.29 (vs. White) |
| Caregiver Depression (Continuous) |
|
|
|
-0.00 |
0.00 |
| Language of Assessment |
|
|
|
|
0.12 |
0.13 |
| English-English |
3.50 |
0.45*** |
0.25* |
|
|
| Spanish-English |
2.95 |
0.33 |
0.38 |
|
|
| Parent Married |
|
|
|
|
0.16 |
0.03 |
| Married |
3.31 |
0.35* |
0.27* |
|
|
| Not Married |
3.34 |
0.52** |
0.30* |
|
|
| *=p≤0.05, **=p≤0.01, ***=p≤0.001. |
|
