Exhibit 2: Child Care Settings Used by Head Start and Non-Head Start Children, Spring 2003
|
Percent of Children by Type of Child Care Setting |
| 3-Year-Old Group |
4-Year-Old Group |
| Head Start Group |
Non-Head Start Group |
Head Start Group |
Non-Head Start Group |
| Head Start and Other Center-Based Programs |
91.0% |
42.5% |
88.3% |
48.1% |
| Parent Care |
6.8% |
39.2% |
8.7% |
41.6% |
| Other Care Setting |
2.3% |
18.3% |
3.0% |
10.4% |
Exhibit 4: Impact of Head Start on Reducing the Achievement Gap in Children’s Pre-Reading Skills (Woodcock-Johnson III Letter-Word Identification): Comparing Spring 2003 Means to National Norms by Age Group
| Difference between spring 2003 mean and national norm (standard scores) |
| Woodcock-Johnson III Letter-Word Identification |
Head Start |
Non-Head Start |
Gap Reduction |
| 3 year olds |
-4.0 |
-7.6 |
Gap reduced 47% |
| 4 year olds |
-4.8 |
-8.7 |
Gap reduced 45% |
Exhibit 5: Impact of Head Start on Reducing the Achievement Gap in Children's Pre-Writing Skills (Woodcock-Johnson III Spelling): Comparing Spring 2003 Means to National Norms by Age Group
| Difference between spring 2003 mean and national norm (standard scores) |
| Woodcock-Johnson III Spelling |
Head Start |
Non-Head Start |
Gap Reduction |
| 4 year olds |
-7.5 |
-10.4 |
Gap reduced 28% |
Exhibit 6: Impact of Head Start on Reducing the Achievement Gap in Children's Vocabulary Skills (PPVT-III (adapted)): Comparing Spring 2003 Means to National Norms by Age Group
| Difference between spring 2003 mean and national norm (standard scores) |
| PPVT-III |
Head Start |
Non-Head Start |
Gap Reduction |
| 3 yr olds |
-17.1 |
-18.6 |
Gap reduced 8% |
Exhibit 8: Impact of Head Start on Behavior Problems and Hyperactive Behavior, 3-Year-Old Group
| Subscale Scores |
| |
Total Problem Behavior |
Hyperactive Behavior |
| Head Start |
5.8 |
1.7 |
| Non-Head Start |
6.3 |
2.0 |
| Impact |
0.5 |
0.3 |
Exhibit 10: Impact of Head Start on Parent-Reported Receipt of Dental Care, 3- and 4-Year-Old Groups
| Percent of children receiving dental care |
| |
3-Year-Olds |
4-Year-Olds |
| Head Start |
68.90% |
73.20% |
| Non-Head Start |
51.s80% |
56.90% |
| Impact |
17.10% |
16.30% |
Exhibit 12: Impact of Head Start on the Number of Times Parent Reads to Child in a Week, 3- and 4-Year-Old Groups
| Number of times child read to in a week |
| |
3-Year-Olds |
4-Year-Olds |
| Head Start |
2.9 |
3.0 |
| Non-Head Start |
2.8 |
2.8 |
| Impact |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Exhibit 1.1: Sample Selection Process for the Head Start Impact Study
| Box One Text: |
All FY1998-1999 Head Start Grantee/Delegate Agencies in All 50 States, DC, & Puerto Rico
Exclude “very new,” migrant, Tribal Organization, and Early Head Start only grantee/delegate agencies (N=1,715).
|
| Box Two Text: |
Create Geographic Grantee Clusters and Group into 25 Strata
Group grantee/delegate agencies by geographic proximity with a minimum of 8 per cluster (N=161 clusters). Stratify clusters on: state pre-K and childcare policy; child race/ethnicity, urban/rural location, and region. Select 1 cluster per stratum with probability proportional to Head Start enrollment (N=261 grantee/delegate agencies).
|
| Box Three Text: |
Determine Eligible Grantee/Delegate Agencies in Each Cluster
Exclude closed or merged programs and those that are “saturated” (i.e., have very few unserved children in the community). Eliminated 38 grantee/delegate agencies (N=223). Small grantee/delegate agencies were then grouped to ensure meeting target sample sizes (N=184 groups).
|
| Box Four Text: |
Stratify and Select Grantee/Delegate Agencies
Stratify on grantee/delegate agency characteristics and local contextual variables, and randomly select approximately 3 grantee/delegate agencies per cluster (N=76 grantee groups, 90 grantee/delegate agencies across 23 states).
|
| Box Five Text: |
Recruit Grantee/Delegate Agencies for the Study
Resulted in 76 grantee/delegate agency groups and 87 individual grantee/delegate agencies.
|
| Box Six Text: |
Develop List of Head Start Centers
Participating grantee/delegate agencies provided lists of operating centers as of fall 2002 (N=1,427 centers).
|
| Box Seven Text: |
Determine Eligible Centers and Create Center Groups
Exclude saturated centers and create center groups by combining small centers with nearby centers (N=1,258 centers).
|
| Box Eight Text: |
Stratify and Select Sample of Centers
Stratify centers using same characteristics used with grantees. Randomly select centers and exclude saturated centers (84 grantee/delegate agencies, 383 centers).
|
| Box Nine Text: |
Select Children and Conduct Random Assignment
Final Sample: 84 grantee/delegate agencies, 378 centers, 2,783 Head Start children and 1,884 non-Head Start children.
|
Exhibit 3.7: Measure of Classroom Quality in Head Start and Other Preschool & Child Care Settings.
Comparison of Program Quality for Preschool Programs Across Multiple Studies
| Study Name |
ECERS Mean |
SD |
SD*2 |
SD*1.5 |
| Head Start Impact Study - Head Start Classrooms (Spring 2003) |
5.22 |
0.89 |
1.8 |
1.34 |
| Head Start FACES Classrooms (Spring 2001) |
4.91 |
1.00 |
2.0 |
1.50 |
| Georgia Pre-K Study - 27 Head Start Classrooms (Henry et al, 2003) |
4.50 |
0.85 |
1.7 |
1.3 |
| Head Start Impact Study - Non-Head Start Classrooms (Spring 2003) |
4.52 |
1.11 |
2.2 |
1.7 |
| Georgia Pre-K Study - 69 State Pre-K Classrooms (Henry et al, 2003) |
4.70 |
0.67 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
| Georgia Pre-K Study - 30 Private Pre-K Classrooms (Henry et al, 2003) |
3.50 |
0.98 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
| 246 Community- & School-based Centers in New Jersey (Resnick, 2001) |
4.62 |
1.13 |
2.3 |
1.7 |
| NCEDL 6-State Pre-K Study (Bryant, et al, 2004) |
3.90 |
0.77 |
1.5 |
1.2 |
Center Saturation Rates combined report
| ProgID |
SatRateNumCenter |
satRateNewEnrollment |
| Saturation rate |
Average |
Saturation rate |
Average |
| 1 |
10 |
16.64114 |
1.0377 |
13.1603 |
| 4 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 6 |
28.5714 |
16.64114 |
14.2857 |
13.1603 |
| 12 |
33.3333 |
16.64114 |
5.1887 |
13.1603 |
| 29 |
20.9689 |
16.64114 |
16.7699 |
13.1603 |
| 33 |
18.9411 |
16.64114 |
19.017 |
13.1603 |
| 34 |
51.593 |
16.64114 |
62.5155 |
13.1603 |
| 37 |
56.0107 |
16.64114 |
50.4197 |
13.1603 |
| 46 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 49 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 52 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 59 |
13.3333 |
16.64114 |
12.381 |
13.1603 |
| 63 |
31.0249 |
16.64114 |
20.7031 |
13.1603 |
| 66 |
18.75 |
16.64114 |
12.0015 |
13.1603 |
| 72 |
33.3333 |
16.64114 |
31.1475 |
13.1603 |
| 73 |
32.2963 |
16.64114 |
24.8703 |
13.1603 |
| 76 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 77 |
33.3333 |
16.64114 |
38.6861 |
13.1603 |
| 78 |
25 |
16.64114 |
25 |
13.1603 |
| 79 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 81 |
24.878 |
16.64114 |
8.2837 |
13.1603 |
| 83 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 84 |
1.9231 |
16.64114 |
3.8697 |
13.1603 |
| 86 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 87 |
33.3333 |
16.64114 |
32.6923 |
13.1603 |
| 93 |
30.6778 |
16.64114 |
33.3333 |
13.1603 |
| 97 |
40 |
16.64114 |
44.5255 |
13.1603 |
| 98 |
50 |
16.64114 |
23.5294 |
13.1603 |
| 99 |
3.3333 |
16.64114 |
3.3333 |
13.1603 |
| 103 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 104 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 105 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 106 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 107 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 111 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 112 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 114 |
50 |
16.64114 |
53.1915 |
13.1603 |
| 119 |
26.6667 |
16.64114 |
18.6119 |
13.1603 |
| 129 |
34.0909 |
16.64114 |
23.5573 |
13.1603 |
| 131 |
66.6667 |
16.64114 |
55.6886 |
13.1603 |
| 168 |
72.7273 |
16.64114 |
65 |
13.1603 |
| 169 |
83.3333 |
16.64114 |
62.0879 |
13.1603 |
| 171 |
75 |
16.64114 |
68.1081 |
13.1603 |
| 172 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 187 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 191 |
62.5 |
16.64114 |
52.6359 |
13.1603 |
| 203 |
29.7064 |
16.64114 |
10.8526 |
13.1603 |
| 205 |
27.2727 |
16.64114 |
21.2014 |
13.1603 |
| 212 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 217 |
7.6923 |
16.64114 |
3.1818 |
13.1603 |
| 220 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 222 |
31.6239 |
16.64114 |
11.8103 |
13.1603 |
| 225 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 234 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 236 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 237 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 239 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 240 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 241 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 242 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 245 |
12.5 |
16.64114 |
5.2941 |
13.1603 |
| 253 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 258 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 259 |
15.3846 |
16.64114 |
19.5991 |
13.1603 |
| 265 |
6.25 |
16.64114 |
3.681 |
13.1603 |
| 269 |
62.5 |
16.64114 |
32.5448 |
13.1603 |
| 270 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 277 |
66.6667 |
16.64114 |
61.7363 |
13.1603 |
| 278 |
15.9091 |
16.64114 |
10.5263 |
13.1603 |
| 281 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 282 |
13.6364 |
16.64114 |
8.1633 |
13.1603 |
| 283 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 285 |
14.2857 |
16.64114 |
14.9533 |
13.1603 |
| 287 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 298 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 319 |
5.5556 |
16.64114 |
5.9259 |
13.1603 |
| 323 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 324 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 327 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 332 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 334 |
18.9189 |
16.64114 |
7.7727 |
13.1603 |
| 345 |
8.3333 |
16.64114 |
5.7506 |
13.1603 |
| 347 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
| 354 |
0 |
16.64114 |
0 |
13.1603 |
|
