Promoting Employment Retention Among TANF Recipients: Lessons from the GAPS Initiative

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Title Page

Executive Summary

I. Introduction

A. The GAPS Program

B. The GAPS Study

C. Overview of the Report

II. The GAPS Program Model

A. Development of the GAPS Program Model

B. The Four GAPS Service Providers

C. The GAPS Case Managers

D. Recruitment of GAPS Participants

E. Participant Population

III. Participants’ Experiences with GAPS

A. How Were GAPS Services Provided?

B. What Types of Services Were Provided?

C. How Frequently Did Participants Have Contact with GAPS?

D. What Were Participants’ Opinions of GAPS?

IV. Challenges to Sustained Employment

A. What Made Working Difficult for Some Participants?

B. What Child Care Arrangements Did GAPS Participants Make?

C. What Child Care Costs Did GAPS Participants Face?

D. What Transportation Challenges Did GAPS Participants Face?

V. Economic Progress of GAPS Participants

A. What Types of Jobs Did GAPS Participants Have?

B. How Successful Were GAPS Participants at Staying Employed?

C. Which GAPS Participants Were Most Likely to Stay Employed?

D. How Heavily Did GAPS Participants Rely on Welfare?

E. What Were GAPS Participants’ Income Levels and Sources?

F. Did GAPS Participants Use the EIC?

G. Did GAPS Participants Maintain Health Insurance Coverage?

H. Did GAPS Participants Progress to Better Jobs?

VI Operational Lessons from the GAPS Study

A. Delivering Case Management Services

B. Supplementing Case Management with Other Services

References