Building Bridges and Bonds (B3) Evaluation

2014-2021

There is great interest in identifying effective strategies that build fathers’ capacity to support their children, both emotionally and financially. Since 2006, Congress has provided funds for discretionary grants to programs aimed at supporting fathers in three core areas: responsible parenting, economic stability, and healthy marriage. These and other fatherhood programs use a number of promising models, but rigorous studies have not yet shown which approaches are effective. The Building Bridges and Bonds (B3) study is a rigorous evaluation that includes six fatherhood programs. It is designed to test innovative, evidence-informed programming for fathers, with the goal of building practical evidence that can be used to improve services.

The study team partnered with fatherhood programs and experts in the field to identify high-priority questions and emerging service approaches. As a result, we selected three separate program approaches for evaluation:

  • A cognitive behavioral intervention, called Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Justice Involved Individuals Seeking Employment, designed to help fathers with criminal records find and retain better jobs.
  • A play-based parenting intervention called Just Beginning, designed to build parenting and coparenting skills for fathers with children 3 years old or younger.
  • A smartphone-based mobile application called DadTime, designed to improve fathers’ attendance at Just Beginning program sessions and encourage involvement with their child between sessions.

The evaluation included both a process and an impact study.

  • Process study: Because each of the new program components is innovative, documenting program implementation is an important contribution. The process study described who participated in services, how services operated, the challenges staff faced, and emerging lessons for the field.
  • Impact study: Each of the three innovative program components was rigorously evaluated using an experimental research design. Half of eligible fathers were randomly assigned to a group offered the new program component. The other half did not have access to the new component, but could receive the usual services offered by the fatherhood program. Fathers completed surveys at baseline and again six months later. After six months, compared fathers’ outcomes in a number of areas, including employment and earnings, quality of the father-child relationship, child support payments, and fathers’ contact with their children.

Data werefrom multiple sources, including web-based and text surveys, program participation information, focus groups, in-depth interviews, video observations, and administrative data from government agencies.

The contract was awarded to MDRC, in collaboration with MEF Associates and Abt Associates.

Point(s) of contact: Katie Pahigiannis and Samantha Illangasekare.

This study has registered the following impact evaluations on the AEA Randomized Control Trials (RCT) Registry:

Information collections related to this project have been reviewed and approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs under OMB # 0970-0485 (expired 10/1/2019). Related materials are available at the B3 Information Collection page on RegInfo.gov .

Information collections related to this project have also been reviewed and approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs under ACF’s Generic Clearances. Related materials are available at the following pages on RegInfo.gov:

Formative Data Collections for ACF Research (OMB #0970-0356)

Related Resources

Explore the final results and lessons from the Building Bridges and Bonds (B3) study which tested new approaches to help fathers work toward economic stability and stronger relationships with their children in the context of existing fatherhood programs.

 

This brief offers recommendations for programs designing and implementing family-strengthening program models that seek to maintain and build healthy relationships between parents who are incarcerated and their children.

This tip sheet shares lessons learned by the Building Bridges and Bonds (B3) study thus far so that other programs can consider implementing these approaches to encourage father engagement.

One approach to program improvement is to use data to help you learn about your program, identify areas for improvement, and set goals. Potential sources of data include your management information system, observations of your program, and feedback from staff members. Another source of data for program improvement is impact evaluations, like the B3 study, that compare the experiences and outcomes of program participants with those of similar populations who do not participate.

Explore the final results and lessons from the B3 study of DadTime, an intervention implemented by three fatherhood programs to promote attendance in the Just Beginning program.

Explore the final results and lessons from the B3 study of Just Beginning, an innovative parenting intervention implemented by three Responsible Fatherhood programs to support father-child relationships.

Explore the final results and lessons from the B3 study of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Justice Involved Individuals Seeking Employment, an intervention implemented by three fatherhood programs to help fathers with justice-system involvement find and retain jobs.

This literature review identifies and describes family strengthening programs that support children affected by parental incarceration.

A father’s support — both financial and emotional — is linked to better outcomes on nearly every measure of a child’s well-being.  However, past research has shown that fathers with previous involvement in the criminal justice system may find it particularly difficult to provide that support as they face challenges finding or maintaining stable employment, housing, and healthy relationships with family and friends...

A father’s support — both financial and emotional — is linked to better outcomes on nearly every measure of a child’s well-being.  Past research has shown that low-income fathers — whether they live with their children or not — may find it particularly difficult to provide that support as they face challenges to maintaining stable employment and stable relationships with their children...

Building Bridges and Bonds (B3), a study of Responsible Fatherhood programs, is testing a set of innovative approaches designed to help fathers advance their parenting and employment skills. One of these innovations is a new smartphone-based application called DadTime. DadTime is designed to support engagement...

This brief introduces the Building Bridges and Bonds study, a rigorous evaluation of new program approaches to support low-income fathers in working toward economic stability and improved relationships with their children. The brief describes the three new program approaches that are being evaluated as enhancements to other responsible fatherhood program services...

This report describes the Building Bridges and Bonds study, a rigorous evaluation of new program approaches to support low-income fathers in working toward economic stability and improved relationships with their children. The report includes a description of the three new program approaches being added to responsible fatherhood program services and the research design that is being used to evaluate them...